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. 2023 Jul 19;24(14):11635. doi: 10.3390/ijms241411635

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Therapeutic effects of IFN-γ-iExo according to administration route in Af-induced atopic dermatitis (AD) mouse model. (A) Schematic of the protocol used in this study. Aspergillus fumigatus (Af) extract (40 µg) was epicutaneously (EP) applied to the dorsal skin of the mice for 5 consecutive days, followed by another 5-day series of applications with an interval of 13 days. IFN-γ-iExo was administered either subcutaneously (SC) or EP on the last day of the second series of Af applications. The mice were divided into four groups: control, AD, AD treated with IFN-γ-iExo SC (AD SC), and AD treated with IFN-γ-iExo EP (AD EP). (B) Clinical symptom scores and (C) transepidermal water loss (TEWL) levels. (D) Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining of the dorsal skin lesion. (E) Epidermal and dermal thickness of the dorsal skin lesions. (F) The numbers of eosinophils, neutrophils, and lymphocytes in the dorsal skin lesions. Data are expressed as mean ± standard error of the mean. ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001 vs. control; # p < 0.05, ### p < 0.001 vs. AD group.