Table 1.

Some evidence suggests that tDCS may be beneficial in improving social communication deficits in individuals with ASD.

Study	Effects	Reference
Auvichayapat, P. et al. (2022)	The main objective of this paper is to investigate the lasting effects of tDCS on the treatment of patients with ASD. The study utilized a randomized controlled trial design, with the control group receiving sham stimulation and the experimental group receiving tDCS treatment. The study evaluated the efficacy of treatment at 6 and 12 months post-treatment. The findings suggest that compared to the control group, the experimental group who received tDCS demonstrated significant improvements in symptoms of autism, language, and social interaction 6 and 12 months after treatment.	[95]
D’Urso, G. et al. (2021)	Research focuses on cerebellar transcranial direct current stimulation’s efficacy, feasibility, and safety in children with autism spectrum disorders. The study also explored unexpected results, such as the impact of tic disorders and epilepsy in these children.	[90]
Kang, J. et al. (2023)	The main objective of this article is to explore the potential impact of tDCS on ASD by examining differences in EEG microstates between typically developing children and those with ASD. Moreover, the study aimed to compare EEG microstates and scores on the Autism Behavior Checklist before and after tDCS in children with ASD who were given either experimental or sham stimulation. The results indicate that tDCS could be a promising intervention for ASD.	[99]
Prillinger, K. et al. (2021)	The main objective of this paper is to outline the study protocol for a double-blind, randomized, and sham-controlled clinical trial that seeks to examine the impact of repeated tDCS sessions on adolescents who have ASD. The paper includes comprehensive information on the study design, criteria for participant selection, intervention procedures, outcome measures, and statistical analysis approach.	[93]
Qiu, J. et al. (2021)	This article centers on investigating the impact of tDCS on the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex on cognitive and behavioral functioning among children with ASD. Specifically, the study aims to determine whether tDCS can enhance social communication, executive function, and behavior among children diagnosed with ASD.	[94]
Sun, C. et al. (2022)	This paper aims to evaluate the effects of tDCS, one of the first-line treatments, on neuronal activity in children with autism. Specifically, the study explored the impact of tDCS on the MMN (mismatch negativity) response characteristics of brain-dysregulated stimuli in children with autism, which is related to the perception and language development of children with autism. The study used quantitative electroencephalography (QEEG) technology to measure brain electrical activity and compared tDCS with sham stimulation (sham) to assess its effect on MMN responses.	[97]