Table 1.
Patient characteristics.
| VARIABLE | TOTAL | SURVIVORS | DECEASED | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FIRST MONTH | FIRST MONTH | |||
| DEMOGRAPHICS | ||||
| Sex (men) | 59 (63.4%) | 38 (69.1%) | 21 (55.3%) | |
| Age (years) | 71.5 | 67.5 (59–76) | 76.75 (64–82.1) | 0.014 |
| PROGNOSTIC SCORES | ||||
| APACHE II | 28 (22.5–33.5) | 28 (22–32) | 31 (21.7–32.2) | 0.431 |
| SOFA BEFORE PMX-HP | 13 (11–15) | 13 (11–14) | 14 (11–16) | 0.079 |
| SOFA AFTER PMX-HP | 12 (9.5–14.5) | 11 (7–13.2) | 14 (11–16) | 0.001 |
| CORMOBIDITIES | ||||
| Chronic kidney disease | 23 (24.7%) | 9 (16.4%) | 14 (36.8%) | 0.024 |
| Chronic dialysis | 6 (6.5%) | 1 (1.8%) | 5 (13.2%) | 0.029 |
| Renal transplant | 2 (2.2%) | 1 (1.8%) | 1 (2.6%) | 0.79 |
| Hypertension | 51 (54.8%) | 26 (47.3%) | 25 (65.8%) | 0.078 |
| Ischemic heart disease | 10 (7.5%) | 6 (10.9%) | 4 (10.5%) | 0.953 |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 7 (7.5%) | 3 (5.5%) | 4 (10.5%) | 0.362 |
| SEPSIS TYPE | ||||
| Localization | UPPER 7 (7.5%) | UPPER 3 (5.5%) | UPPER 4 (10.5%) | 0.233 |
| LOWER 61 (65.6%) | LOWER 35 (63.6%) | LOWER 26 (68.4%) | ||
| BILIAR 20 (21.5%) | BILIAR 15 (27.3%) | BILIAR 5 (13.2%) | ||
| Cause of abdominal sepsis | Bowel Perforation | Bowel Perforation | Bowel Perforation | 0.168 |
| 22 (23.7%) | 14 (25.5%) | 8 (21.1%) | ||
| Dehiscence 33 (35.5%) | Dehiscence 24 (43.6%) | Dehiscence 9 (23.7%) | ||
| Intestinal ischemia 18 (19.4%) | Intestinal ischemia 7 (12.7%) | Intestinal ischemia 11 (28.9%) | ||
| Bowel obstruction 5 (5.4%) | Bowel obstruction 3 (5.5%) | Bowel obstruction 2 (5.3%) | ||
| Inflammation 11 (11.8%) | Inflammation 6 (10.9%) | Inflammation 5 (13.2%) | ||
| Others 4 (4.3%) | Others 1 (1.8%) | Others 3 (7.9%) | ||
| Source control | Surgery 83 (89.2%) | Surgery 49 (89.1%) | Surgery 34 (89.5%) | 0.96 |
| Drain 3 (3.2%) | Drain 2 (3.6%) | Drain 1 (2.6%) | ||
| None 7 (7.5%) | None 4 (7.3%) | None 3 (7.9%) | ||
| Time of evolution | <24 H: 76 (81.7%) | <24 H: 44 (80%) | <24 H: 32 (84.2%) | 0.606 |
| >24 H: 17 (18.3%) | >24 H: 11 (20%) | >24 H: 6 (15.8%) | ||
| Microbial cultures | Yes 54 (58.1%) | Yes 34 (61.8%) | Yes 20 (52.6%) | 0.377 |
| Type of pathogen | Gram-positive coccus 2 (2.2%) | Gram-positive coccus 1 (1.8%) | Gram-positive coccus 1 (2.6%) | |
| Gram-negative coccus 1 (1.8%) | Gram-negative coccus 1 (1.8%) | Gram-negative coccus (0%) | ||
| Gram-negative bacilli 27 (29%) | Gram-negative bacilli 16 (29.1%) | Gram-negative bacilli 11 (28.9%) | ||
| Fungus 1 (1.1%) | Fungus 1 (1.8%) | Fungus 0 (0%) | ||
| Polymicrobial flora (includes Gram-negative bacilli) 18 (19.4%) | Polymicrobial flora (includes Gram-negative bacilli) 12 (21.8%) | Polymicrobial flora (includes Gram-negative bacilli) 6 (15.8%) | ||
| Polymicrobial flora (without Gram-negative bacilli) 5 (5.4%) | Polymicrobial flora (without Gram-negative bacilli) 2 (3.6%) | Polymicrobial flora (without Gram-negative bacilli) 3 (7.9%) | ||
| ANTIMICROBIALS | ||||
| Antibiotics | 93 (100%) | SI 55 (100%) | SI 38 (100%) | |
| Number of antibiotics | One: 41 (44.1%) | One: 22 (40%) | One: 19 (50%) | 0.613 |
| Two: 40 (43%) | Two: 25 (45.5%) | Two: 15 (39.5%) | ||
| Three: 12 (12.9%) | Three: 8 (14.5%) | Three: 4 (10.5%) | ||
| Type of antibiotics | Cephalosporins 1 (1.1%) | Cephalosporins 1 (1.8%) | Cephalosporins 0 (0%) | |
| Monobactams 1 (1.8%) | Monobactams 1 (1.8%) | Monobactams 0 (0%) | ||
| Carbapenems 82 (88.2%) | Carbapenems 47 (85.5%) | Carbapenems 35 (92.1%) | ||
| Aminoglycosides 4 (4.3%) | Aminoglycosides 3 (5.5%) | Aminoglycosides 1 (2.6%) | ||
| Quinolones 2 (2.2%) | Quinolones 1 (1.8%) | Quinolones 1 (2.6%) | ||
| Glycopeptides 29 (31.2%) | Glycopeptides 20 (42.5%) | Glycopeptides 11 (28.9%) | ||
| Metronidazole 10 (10.8%) | Metronidazole 3 (12.8%) | Metronidazole 2 (5.3%) | ||
| Linezolid 13 (14%) | Linezolid 7 (12.5%) | Linezolid 6 (15.8%) | ||
| Tigecycline 2 (3.6%) | Tigecycline 2 (3.6%) | Tigecycline 0 (0%) | ||
| Piperacillin-tazobactam 7 (7.5%) | Piperacillin-tazobactam 4 (7.3%) | Piperacillin-tazobactam 3 (7.9%) | ||
| Antifungal | Yes 58 (62.4%) | Yes 32 (58.2%) | Yes 26 (68.4%) | 0.37 |
| Type of antifungal | Azoles 5 (5.4%) | Azoles 2 (3.6%) | Azoles 3 (7.9%) | 0.475 |
| Echinocandins 53 (57%) | Echinocandins 30 (54.5%) | Echinocandins 23 (60.5%) | ||
| VASOACTIVE AND INOTROPIC DRUGS | ||||
| Noradrenaline | 93 (100%) | 55 (100%) | 38 (100%) | |
| Noradrenaline dose | High 66 (71%) | High 37 (67.3%) | High 29 (76.3%) | 0.757 |
| Medium 19 (20.4%) | Medium 11 (20%) | Medium 8 (21.1%) | ||
| Low 4 (4.3%) | Low 3 (5.5%) | Low 1 (2.6%) | ||
| Adrenaline | 23 (24.7%) | 12 (21.8%) | 11 (28,9%) | 0.433 |
| Other drugs | 19 (20.4%) | 10 (18.2%) | 9 (23.7%) | 0.518 |
| RENAL FAILURE | ||||
| Oliguria | 67 (72%) | 34 (61.8%) | 33 (86.8%) | 0.008 |
| CVVH | 58 (62.4%) | 28 (50.9%) | 30 (78.9%) | 0.006 |
| Renal failure (before hemoperfusion) | 66 (71%) | 37 (67.3%) | 29 (76.3%) | 0.413 |
| Renal failure (after hemoperfusion) | 60 (64.5%) | 32 (58.2%) | 28 (73.7%) | 0.125 |