Table 1.
Composition, mechanical, and physical properties of some ceramic-based materials used for PLVs.
| Material | Brand (Manufacturer) | Composition | Translucency Parameter | Average Crystal Size | Fracture Toughness (MPa.m0.5) | Elastic Modulus (E) in GPa |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Feldspathic ceramic | Vitablocs Mark II (Vita Zahnfabrik, Bad Sackingen, Germany) | 56–64% SiO2, 20–23% Al2O3, 6–9% Na2O, 6–8% K2O | 29.0 ± 0.7 | ±15 µm | 0.84 ± 0.06 | ±45 |
| Lithium disilicate ceramic (LT) | IPS e.max Press or CAD (Ivoclar Vivadent, Schaan, Liechtenstein) | 58–80% SiO2, 11–19% Li2O, 0–13% K2O, 0–8% ZrO2, 0–5% Al2O3 | 26.0 ± 0.6 | ±1.5 um | 1.23 ± 0.26 | ±95 |
| Zirconia-reinforced glass–ceramic (HT) | Vita Suprinity (Vita Zahnfabrik, Bad Sackingen, Germany) | 56–64% SiO2, 1–4% Al2O3, 15–21% Li2O, 8–12% ZrO2, 1–4% K2O | 31.0 ±1.0 | ±0.5 µm | 1.25 ± 0.79 | ±70 |
| Yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal (HT) | VITA YZ (Vita Zahnfabrik, Bad Sackingen, Germany) | 90.9_94.5% ZrO2, 4 6% Y2O3, 1.5–2.5% HfO2, 0–0.3% Al3O3, 0–0.3% Fe2O3 | 14.44 ± 0.34 | ±350–500 nm | ±4.5 | ±210 |