Table 1.
Descriptive statistics and correlations among variables.
| Variable | Range | M | SD | Q1 | Q2 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. Emotional attention | 1–5 | 3.46 | 1.10 | −0.35 | −0.41 | 0.21** | 0.08** | 0.04 | 0.13** | 0.07* | −0.00 | 0.01 |
| 2. Emotional clarity | 1–5 | 3.43 | 1.05 | −0.30 | −0.12 | - | 0.33** | 0.31** | 0.22** | 0.18** | −0.09** | −0.13** |
| 3. Emotional repair | 1–5 | 3.76 | 1.03 | −0.64 | 1.55 | – | 0.27** | 0.23** | 0.27** | −0.06* | −0.18** | |
| 4. Academic self-efficacy | 1–4 | 3.06 | 0.59 | −0.29 | −0.41 | – | 0.43** | 0.38** | −0.20** | −0.22** | ||
| 5. Behavioral engagement | 1–5 | 3.90 | 0.67 | −0.35 | −0.12 | – | 0.49** | −0.40** | −0.34** | |||
| 6. Emotional engagement | 1–5 | 4.24 | 0.67 | −1.05 | 1.55 | – | −0.19** | −0.47** | ||||
| 7. Behavioral disaffection | 1–5 | 2.41 | 0.89 | 0.37 | −0.30 | – | 0.41** | |||||
| 8. Emotional disaffection | 1–5 | 1.90 | 0.78 | 1.05 | 1.45 | – |
**Correlation is significant at level 0.01; *Correlation is significant at level 0.05; M = Mean; SD=Standard Deviation; Q1 = Skewness; Q2 = Kurtosis; ɷ = McDonald’s Omega.