Table 5.
Associations Between Total and Individual BCAA Levels and Obstructive Coronary Artery Disease and High‐Risk Plaque
| BCAA | Outcome | Univariable model | Multivariable model | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR (95% CI) | P value | OR (95% CI) | P value | ||
| Total | oCAD | 1.18 (1.04–1.34) | 0.009 | 1.06 (0.91–1.23) | 0.4 |
| Valine | 1.14 (1.00–1.30) | 0.05 | 1.01 (0.86–1.17) | 0.9 | |
| Leucine | 1.20 (1.05–1.35) | 0.005 | 1.09 (0.94–1.25) | 0.3 | |
| Isoleucine | 1.17 (1.03–1.33) | 0.01 | 1.10 (0.96–1.27) | 0.2 | |
| Total | High‐risk plaque | 1.07 (0.94–1.21) | 0.3 | … | … |
| Valine | 1.06 (0.93–1.20) | 0.4 | … | … | |
| Leucine | 1.10 (0.97–1.24) | 0.1 | … | … | |
| Isoleucine | 1.00 (0.88–1.13) | 0.99 | … | … | |
| Total | High‐risk plaque (without oCAD) | 1.05 (0.90–1.23) | 0.5 | … | … |
| Valine | 1.07 (0.91–1.25) | 0.4 | … | … | |
| Leucine | 1.10 (0.93–1.28) | 0.3 | … | … | |
| Isoleucine | 0.92 (0.77–1.08) | 0.3 | … | … | |
Effect size is 1 SD change in the BCAA. Multivariable model adjusted for diabetes, age, race, sex, low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol and high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, metabolic syndrome, and body mass index. BCAA indicates branched‐chain amino acid; oCAD, obstructive coronary artery disease; and OR, odds ratio.