TABLE 2.

Clinical disease and fecal virus shedding in gnotobiotic pigs after oral challenge with virulent Wa HRV

Exptl category and group no.j	n	Pigs with diarrhea				Pigs shedding virusa
		% With illnesse	Protection rate (%)b	Mean duration (days)cf	Mean cumu-lative scoredf	% Sheddinge	Mean days to onsetf	Mean duration (days)f	Mean peak titer shed (FFU/ml)f
Virus inoculated
1	12	42 C, D	55	1.2 B	6.3  C	17 B	1.5 A	3.0 A	3.5 × 104 A
2	5	60 A, B, C	36	1.8 B	7.1 B, C	20 B	3.0 A	1.0 A	1.4 × 105 A
3	8	25 C, D	73	1.0 B	4.6  C	0 B	NAg	NA	NDh
4	6	33 B, D	65	1.2 B	6.1  C	17 B	1.0 A	3.0 A	2.0 × 106 A
5	25	12 D	87	0.6 B	5.0  C	0 B	NA	NA	ND
Mock inoculated controli
6	2	50 A, B	NA	2.5 A	7.5 A	100 A	1.5 A	1.0 A	2.1 × 104 A
7	6	100 A, B	NA	4.7 A	11.8 A	100 A	1.8 A	2.7 A	4.5 × 105 A
8	3	100 A	NA	3.7 A	9.3 A, B	100 A	2.7 A	2.3 A	1.8 × 104 A
9	5	100 A	NA	3.4 A	9.7 A, B	100 A	1.6 A	3.2 A	7.2 × 105 A

^aDetermined by ELISA and  CCIF infectivity assay. 

^bProtection rate = [1 − (percentage of Wa HRV-inoculated pigs with diarrhea/percentage of pigs in mock-inoculated groups with diarrhea)] × 100. 

^cDuration of diarrhea determined by number of days with fecal scores of ≥2; feces were scored as follows: 0, normal; 1, pasty; 2, semi-liquid; 3, liquid. 

^dMean cumulative score = (Σ daily fecal scores for 1 week postchallenge)/n. 

^eProportions in this column followed by different letters differ significantly (Fisher’s exact test). 

^fMeans in this column followed by different letters differ significantly (one-way  ANOVA). 

^gNA, not applicable. 

^hND, not detectable (i.e., <250 FFU/ml). 

ⁱData from mock-inoculated groups receiving the same serum preparations were combined for statistical analysis, as the numbers of animals were low and the data were comparable. 

^jFor an explanation of groups, see Table 1, footnote i.