Table 6.
Pharmacokinetic parameters of standard VA and VA form the optimized formulation
| Standard Vanillic acid | VA from Pharmacosomes | |
|---|---|---|
| Cmax (μg/mL) | 132.65 ± 9.29 | 173.72 ± 10.78a |
| Tmax (min) | 10 ± 2.56 | 30 ± 2.97a |
| AUC0–24 (μg/min/mL) | 67229.20 ± 3173.0 | 227687 ± 2365a |
| AUC0–∞ (μg/min/mL) | 72517.20 ± 7980.0 | 278594.41 ± 23760.0a |
| AUMC0–t (μg/min2/mL) | 31061100 ± 56800.0 | 250889000 ± 43870.0a |
| AUMC0–∞ (μg/min2/mL) | 41480100 ± 34870.0 | 486900000 ± 34900.0a |
| MRT (min) | 572 ± 6.98 | 1747.71 ± 28.7a |
Cmax peak plasma concentration, Tmax time to reach peak plasma concentration, AUC0–24 area under the plasma concentration–time curve from time 0 to 24 h, AUC0–∞ area under the plasma concentration–time curve calculated by the linear trapezoidal rule from time 0 to infinity, AUMC0–24 area under the first moment curve from time 0 to 24 h, AUMC0–∞ area under the first moment curve from time 0 to infinity
aSignificant difference from standard vanillic acid group. Data is presented as mean ± SEM