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. 2023 Jun 7;47(3):591–607. doi: 10.1007/s12639-023-01602-w

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© Indian Society for Parasitology 2023. Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

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Fig. 6 — Liver sections of different study groups (Hematoxylin and Eosin, Scale bar 25–30 µm, X400). a GI showing hepatic architecture. The central vein (CV), hepatocytes (H), blood sinusoids (S) and nucleus (S) were noticed. b GII showing degeneration changes with eosinophilic cytoplasm necrotic areas (arrowhead) associated with focal mononuclear cell infiltration (arrow), and dilated sinusoidal (S), deeply pyknotic nuclei (P)with mild activation of Kupffer cells (K). c GIII showing ameliorative effect with few degeneration (arrowhead), enlargement of sinusoids (S), minimum activation of Kupffer cells (K). d GIV showing ameliorative effect with few inflammatory cells around central vein (arrow), enlargement of sinusoids (S), minimum activation of Kupffer cells (K). e GV showing focal infiltration of mononuclear inflammatory cells between hepatocytes (black arrow) with activation of van kupffer cells (blue arrow) and some hepatocytes showing pyknotic nuclei (red arrow). f GVI showing degeneration, mild necrosis (arrowhead), inflammatory cell infiltration (arrow), enlargement of sinusoids (S), mild activation of Kupffer cells (K) and pyknotic nuclei (P). g GVII showing focal infiltration of mononuclear inflammatory cells between hepatocytes (black arrow) and some hepatocytes showing pyknotic nuclei (red arrow). h GVIII showing degeneration, mild necrosis (arrowhead), inflammatory cell infiltration around central vein (arrow), enlargement of sinusoids (S), mild activation of Kupffer cells (K) and pyknotic nuclei (P). i GIX showing necrobiotic changes in some hepatocytes (star), presence of pyknotic nuclei in others (black arrow) and presence of few numbers of mononuclear inflammatory cells in hepatic sinusoids (red arrow). [GI (normal control), GII (infected control), GIII (infected, NPs treated), GIV (infected, BV treated), GV (infected, BVL-MOFs-NPs), GVI (infected, spiramycin treated), GVII (infected, SL-MOFs-NPs), GVIII (infected, ciprofloxacin treated), GIX (infected, CL-MOFs-NPs)]