Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of participants with or without thyroid nodules (TNs) and with or without homogeneous echo of thyroid parenchyma (TH).
| Parameter | TN(−) | TN(+) | p | TH(−) | TH(+) | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N(%) | 247 | 243 | 410 | 80 | ||
| Age(years) | 39.06 ± 9.20 | 42.95 ± 10.46 | 0.000 | 40.68 ± 10.06 | 42.55 ± 9.75 | 0.128 |
| Men(%) | 109(44.1%) | 95(39.1%) | 0.258 | 189(46.1%) | 15(18.8%) | 0.000 |
| BMI(kg/m2) | 22.80 ± 3.15 | 23.27 ± 3.25 | 0.101 | 23.13 ± 3.21 | 22.54 ± 3.17 | 0.131 |
| Edu years | 0.237 | 0.531 | ||||
| ≤9 years | 26(10.5%) | 35(14.4%) | 48(11.7%) | 13(16.3%) | ||
| 9–16 years | 184(74.5%) | 181(74.5%) | 308(75.1%) | 57(71.3%) | ||
| >16 years | 37(15.0%) | 27(11.1%) | 54(13.2%) | 10(12.5%) | ||
| SBP (mm hg) | 114.5 ± 13.7 | 116.8 ± 16.0 | 0.084 | 115.96 ± 15.02 | 114.04 ± 14.60 | 0.293 |
| DBP (mm hg) | 69.53 ± 9.95 | 70.62 ± 11.09 | 0.254 | 70.24 ± 10.63 | 69.20 ± 10.06 | 0.418 |
| WHR | 0.82 ± 0.07 | 0.82 ± 0.08 | 0.928 | 0.82 ± 0.08 | 0.81 ± 0.07 | 0.113 |
| Income class (CNY) | 0.819 | 0.362 | ||||
| ≤6,000 | 160(64.8%) | 155(63.8%) | 260(63.4%) | 55(68.8%) | ||
| >6,000 | 87(35.2%) | 88(36.2%) | 150(36.6%) | 25(31.3%) | ||
| Smoking status(%) | 0.955 | 0.000 | ||||
| smoking | 35(14.2%) | 34(14.0%) | 68(16.6%) | 1(1.3%) | ||
| Never smoking | 212(85.8%) | 209(86%) | 342(83.4%) | 79(98.8%) | ||
| Drinking status(%) | 0.008 | 0.012 | ||||
| No drinking | 220(89.1%) | 232(95.5%) | 373(91%) | 79(98.8%) | ||
| Excessive Drink | 27(10.9%) | 11(4.5%) | 37(9%) | 1(1.3%) | ||
| Chronic diseases (%) | 81(32.8%) | 87(35.8) | 0.483 | 133(32.4%) | 35(43.8%) | 0.051 |
| Iodized salt intake(%) | 0.107 | 0.644 | ||||
| Low | 42(17%) | 35(14.4%) | 66(16.1%) | 11(13.8%) | ||
| Moderate | 188(76.1%) | 178(73.3%) | 303(73.9%) | 63(78.8%) | ||
| High | 17(6.9%) | 30(12.3%) | 41(10%) | 6(7.5%) | ||
| Oil intake(%) | 0.455 | 0.815 | ||||
| Low | 39(15.8%) | 39(16.0%) | 67(16.3%) | 11(13.8%) | ||
| Moderate | 176(71.3%) | 163(67.1%) | 283(69%) | 56(70%) | ||
| High | 32(13.0%) | 41(16.9%) | 60(14.6%) | 13(16.3%) | ||
| TSH(uIU/ml) | 2.63 ± 1.81 | 2.43 ± 1.33 | 0.148 | 2.41 ± 1.23 | 3.16 ± 2.70 | 0.020 |
| FT3(pmol/ml) | 4.46 ± 0.57 | 4.52 ± 0.50 | 0.166 | 4.49 ± 0.53 | 4.48 ± 0.56 | 0.936 |
| FT4(pmol/ml) | 16.70 ± 1.96 | 16.77 ± 1.92 | 0.670 | 16.74 ± 1.87 | 16.71 ± 2.30 | 0.905 |
| TPOAb-positive(%) | 40(16.2%) | 40(16.5%) | 0.936 | 0(0.0%) | 80(100%) | 1.000 |
| TgAb-positive(%) | 40(16.2%) | 40(16.5%) | 0.936 | 0(0.0%) | 80(100%) | 1.000 |
| γGGT | 20(15, 33) | 20(15, 35) | 0.726 | 20(15, 34) | 18(14, 34) | 0.132 |
| ALT | 16(11, 26) | 17(12, 25) | 0.581 | 17(12, 25) | 16.5(12, 22.75) | 0.513 |
| AST | 19(17, 23) | 19(16, 23) | 0.415 | 19(17, 23) | 19(16, 22.75) | 0.697 |
| TBIL | 9.9(7.5, 12.8) | 9(7.1, 11.3) | 0.018 | 9.65(7.3, 12.225) | 8.65(7, 10.78) | 0.056 |
| Nucleotidase | 3.9(3, 5) | 3.8(3.1, 5.3) | 0.672 | 3.85(3.1, 5.2) | 3.8(2.93, 5.0) | 0.532 |
| UA | 362.03 ± 90.7 | 348.36 ± 92.8 | 0.100 | 360.73 ± 92.52 | 327.15 ± 83.68 | 0.003 |
| Albumin | 45.89 ± 2.75 | 45.46 ± 2.94 | 0.095 | 45.75 ± 2.91 | 45.29 ± 2.56 | 0.190 |
| Globulin | 29.22 ± 4.25 | 29.12 ± 3.84 | 0.784 | 29.04 ± 3.83 | 29.83 ± 4.99 | 0.108 |
| Urea | 5.41 ± 1.33 | 5.42 ± 1.34 | 0.904 | 5.44 ± 1.33 | 5.25 ± 1.37 | 0.238 |
| CR | 66.02 ± 17.41 | 65.08 ± 16.51 | 0.543 | 67.05 ± 17.08 | 57.88 ± 14.12 | 0.000 |
| TG | 1.15(0.9, 1.62) | 1.29(0.88, 2.15) | 0.048 | 1.26(0.9, 1.92) | 1.13(0.87, 1.71) | 0.181 |
| TC | 5.21 ± 1.03 | 5.34 ± 1.01 | 0.133 | 5.27 ± 1.02 | 5.29 ± 1.06 | 0.889 |
| HDL-C | 1.42 ± 0.36 | 1.39 ± 0.35 | 0.335 | 1.39 ± 0.36 | 1.47 ± 0.33 | 0.078 |
| LDL-C | 2.95 ± 0.79 | 3.04 ± 0.82 | 0.208 | 3.00 ± 0.80 | 2.97 ± 0.82 | 0.778 |
| FPG | 4.92(4.62, 5.26) | 5.02(4.72, 5.38) | 0.023 | 4.97(4.66, 5.32) | 4.93(4.7, 5.29) | 0.923 |
| Hemoglobin | 135.13 ± 13.10 | 133.46 ± 12.48 | 0.148 | 134.85 ± 13.20 | 131.51 ± 10.22 | 0.033 |
| Platelet | 216.46 ± 53.46 | 220.97 ± 45.10 | 0.313 | 219.01 ± 49.06 | 217.06 ± 51.63 | 0.747 |
| White blood cell | 6.00 ± 1.25 | 6.00 ± 1.34 | 0.976 | 6.03 ± 1.28 | 5.86 ± 1.39 | 0.303 |
| Mental health | ||||||
| Sleep score | 6.29 ± 3.35 | 6.28 ± 3.33 | 0.991 | 6.29 ± 3.31 | 6.26 ± 3.50 | 0.946 |
| Depression status(%) | 0.000 | 0.000 | ||||
| No depression | 172(69.6%) | 114(46.9%) | 258(62.9%) | 28(35%) | ||
| Depression | 75(30.4%) | 129(53.1%) | 152(37.1%) | 52(65%) | ||
| Anxiety status(%) | 0.000 | 0.097 | ||||
| No anxiety | 175(70.9%) | 99(40.7%) | 236(57.6%) | 38(47.5%) | ||
| Anxiety | 72(29.1%) | 144(59.3%) | 174(42.4%) | 42(52.5%) | ||
| Stress status(%) | 0.000 | 0.000 | ||||
| No stress | 197(79.8%) | 88(36.2%) | 258(62.9%) | 27(33.8%) | ||
| Stress | 50(20.2%) | 155(63.8%) | 152(37.1%) | 53(66.3%) |
TN(−), no thyroid nodules; TN(+), with thyroid nodules; TH(−), echogenicity of thyroid parenchyma; TH(+), heterogeneous echo of thyroid parenchyma; BMI, body mass index; WHR, waist to hip ratio; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; TSH, thyroid stimulating hormone; FT3, free triiodothyronine; FT4, free thyroxine; TPOAb, thyroid peroxidase antibody; TgAb, thyroglobulin antibody; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; γGGT, γ-glutamyl transpeptidase; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, Aspartate transaminase; TBIL, total bilirubin; UA, uric acid; CR, creatinine; TG, triglycerides; TC, total cholesterol; LDL-C, low density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Bold values indicate p < 0.05.