Table 1.
Demographic, Injury, and Therapy Characteristics at Patient-Level
| Variables | Overall, n (%)∗ |
Zone 3, n (%) |
Zone 2, n (%) |
P Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| n = 196 | n = 33 | n = 163 | P ≤ .05 | |
| Mean age ± SD, (yrs) | 36.2 ± 14.3 | 35.4 ± 12.6 | 36.4 ± 14.6 | .95 |
| Male | 134 (68.4) | 24 (72.7) | 110 (67.5) | .56 |
| Blue collar worker | 116 (61.4) | 18 (58.1) | 98 (60.1) | .68 |
| Return to work | 147 (85.5) | 28 (93.3) | 119 (73.0) | .19 |
| Employment | .10 | |||
| (Self-)employed | 157 (80.8) | 29 (90.6) | 128 (79.0) | |
| Retired/nonworking/student | 37 (19.2) | 3 (9.4) | 34 (21.0) | |
| Injured hand | ||||
| Left | 102 (52.0) | 17 (51.5) | 85 (52.1) | .70 |
| Nondominant | 99 (51.8) | 16 (48.5) | 83 (50.9) | .82 |
| Injured single fingers | ||||
| Dig 2 | 63 (34.8) | 8 (29.6) | 55 (35.7) | .66 |
| Dig 3 | 23 (12.7) | 3 (11.1) | 20 (13.0) | .26 |
| Dig 4 | 29 (16.0) | 8 (29.6) | 21 (13.6) | .01† |
| Dig 5 | 66 (36.5) | 8 (29.6) | 58 (37.7) | .06 |
| Single | 181 (92.3) | 27 (81.8) | 154 (94.5) | .93 |
| Multiple (2 fingers) | 13 (86.7) | 6 (18.2) | 7 (4.3) | .01† |
| Multiple (3 fingers) | 2 (13.3) | 0 | 2 (1.2) | 0 |
| Mechanism of injury | .93 | |||
| Clean cut | 168 (85.7) | 28 (84.8) | 141 (86.5) | |
| Mild crush | 18 (9.2) | 4 (12.1) | 15 (9.2) | |
| Moderate crush | 8 (4.1) | 1 (3.0) | 7 (4.3) | |
| Concomitant injury of other fingers | ||||
| Tendon ≤50 % | 7 (3.6) | 2 (6.1) | 5 (3.1) | .40 |
| Nerve | 10 (5.1) | 4 (12.1) | 6 (3.7) | .05† |
| Mean time from injury to surgery ± SD, (d) | 2.7 ± 4.5 | 1.3 ± 1.7 | 3.0 ± 4.8 | .02† |
| Complications | ||||
| Ruptures | 18 (9.2) | 0 | 18 (11) | .05† |
| Adhesions resulting in tenolysis | 17 (8.7) | 1 (2.9) | 16 (9.8) | .21 |
| Surgery after rupture | 14 | 0 | 14 (77.8) | 0 |
| Reconstruction after rupture | 6 | 0 | 6 (3.7) | 0 |
| Mean time to 2nd surgery ± SD, (d) | 41.6 ± 27.8 | 0 | 41.6 ± 27.8 | 0 |
| Mean time to tenolysis ± SD, (wks) | 29.6 ± 14.3 | 39.1 ± 0.0 | 29.1 ± 14.6 | 0 |
| Mean hand therapy ± SD | ||||
| Sessions until 13 weeks, (n) | 16.0 ± 5.9 | 16.9 ± 5.8 | 15.8 ± 5.9 | .27 |
| Sessions total, (n) | 21.8 ± 13.8 | 22.1 ± 11.4 | 21.8 ± 14.3 | .61 |
| Duration, (wks) | 20.5 ± 11.2 | 20.9 ± 10.2 | 20.4 ± 11.4 | .73 |
| Therapy end after 13 weeks | 60 (30.9) | 12 (37.5) | 48 (29.4) | .38 |
| Hand splints | .03† | |||
| CAM | 176 (89.8) | 33 (100) | 143 (87.7) | |
| MSS | 20 (10.2) | 0 | 20 (12.3) | |
| PIP extension | 81 (42.2) | 17 (51.5) | 64 (39.3) | .47 |
| Anesthesia | .05† | |||
| Plexus | 98 (50.3) | 19 (57.6) | 79 (48.5) | |
| General | 56 (28.7) | 14 (42.4) | 42 (25.8) | |
| Local | 41 (21.0) | 0 | 41 (25.2) |
∗
Unless specified otherwise.
†
Statistically significant difference between zones (P ≤ .05). These variables were entered into the regression models.