Table. Summary Statistics of Data Set.
| Characteristic | Patients, No. (%) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | Patient passed over by same- or lower-acuity patient UQJa | Patient passed over by lower acuity patient UQJ | Patient passed over by same-acuity patient UQJ | Patient receiving care ahead of same- or higher-acuity patient UQJa | Patient receiving care ahead of higher-acuity patient UQJ | Patient receiving care ahead of same-acuity patient UQJ | |
| Sample size | 314 763 (100) | 90 698 (28.8) | 44 551 (14.2) | 78 127 (24.8) | 71 490 (22.7) | 23 897 (7.6) | 52 959 (16.8) |
| Age, mean (SD), y | 50.46 (20.46) | 46.95 (19.29) | 47.31 (19.09) | 45.97 (18.93) | 52.14 (20.93) | 44.73 (19.54) | 55.74 (20.64) |
| Sex | |||||||
| Female | 170 391 (54.1) | 51 517 (56.8) | 25 554 (57.4) | 44 885 (57.5) | 39 360 (55.1) | 13 044 (54.6) | 29 300 (55.3) |
| Male | 144 372 (45.9) | 39 181 (43.2) | 18 997 (42.6) | 33 242 (42.5) | 32 130 (44.9) | 10 853 (45.4) | 23 659 (44.7) |
| Race and ethnicity | |||||||
| Hispanic or Latino | 66 465 (21.1) | 22 419 (24.7) | 11 040 (24.8) | 20 097 (25.7) | 14 005 (19.6) | 5743 (24) | 9125 (17.2) |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 106 401 (33.8) | 32 132 (35.4) | 15 578 (35) | 27 835 (35.6) | 22 088 (30.9) | 9000 (37.7) | 14 526 (27.4) |
| Non-Hispanic White | 132 813 (42.2) | 33 394 (36.8) | 16 639 (37.3) | 27 747 (35.5) | 33 216 (46.5) | 8361 (35) | 27 747 (52.4) |
| Otherb | 9084 (2.9) | 2753 (3.0) | 1294 (2.9) | 2448 (3.1) | 2181 (3.1) | 793 (3.3) | 1561 (2.9) |
| Language preference | |||||||
| English | 283 258 (89.9) | 80 346 (88.6) | 39 432 (88.5) | 68 902 (88.2) | 64 618 (90.4) | 21 443 (89.7) | 48 122 (90.9) |
| Spanish | 25 749 (8.2) | 8617 (9.5) | 4267 (9.6) | 7706 (9.9) | 5481 (7.7) | 2018 (8.4) | 3781 (7.1) |
| Other | 5756 (1.8) | 1735 (1.9) | 852 (1.9) | 1519 (1.9) | 1391 (1.9) | 436 (1.8) | 1056 (2) |
| Insurance | |||||||
| Private | 42 579 (13.5) | 12 990 (14.3) | 6435 (14.4) | 11 470 (14.7) | 10 308 (14.4) | 3574 (15) | 7658 (14.5) |
| Medicaid | 140 970 (44.8) | 45 660 (50.3) | 22 380 (50.2) | 40 230 (51.5) | 28 511 (39.9) | 11 802 (49.4) | 18 360 (34.7) |
| Medicare | 108 140 (34.4) | 24 910 (27.5) | 12 504 (28.1) | 20 031 (25.6) | 27 237 (38.1) | 5753 (24.1) | 23 748 (44.8) |
| Other | 23 074 (7.3) | 7138 (7.9) | 3232 (7.3) | 6396 (8.2) | 5434 (7.6) | 2768 (11.6) | 3193 (6) |
| Arrival method | |||||||
| Ambulance | 129 901 (41.3) | 21 806 (24) | 10 370 (23.3) | 16 786 (21.5) | 37 121 (51.9) | 8715 (36.5) | 31 948 (60.3) |
| Walk-in | 184 862 (58.7) | 68 892 (76) | 34 181 (76.7) | 61 341 (78.5) | 34 369 (48.1) | 15 182 (63.5) | 21 011 (39.7) |
| ESI | |||||||
| 2 | 108 094 (34.3) | 26 258 (29) | 16 117 (36.2) | 18 357 (23.5) | 12 819 (17.9) | 13 (0.1) | 12 785 (24.1) |
| 3 | 142 174 (45.2) | 52 885 (58.3) | 27 353 (61.4) | 48 736 (62.4) | 40 544 (56.7) | 7735 (32.4) | 36 631 (69.2) |
| 4 | 64 495 (20.5) | 11 555 (12.7) | 1081 (2.4) | 11 034 (14.1) | 18 127 (25.4) | 16 149 (67.6) | 3543 (6.7) |
| High utilizerc | |||||||
| No | 259 528 (82.5) | 75 529 (83.3) | 36 622 (82.2) | 65 474 (83.8) | 59 938 (83.8) | 20 737 (86.8) | 43 789 (82.7) |
| Yes | 55 235 (17.6) | 15 169 (16.7) | 7929 (17.8) | 12 653 (16.2) | 11 552 (16.2) | 3160 (13.2) | 9170 (17.3) |
Abbreviations: ESI, emergency severity index; UQJ, unexplained queue jump.
a
All aggregated passed over UQJ column and receiving care ahead of others UQJ column are not the sum of the corresponding same-acuity and lower or higher-acuity columns because a patient can experience multiple types of UQJs within a single triage decision to take a patient outside of the rules of acuity based first come, first served.
b
Other includes American Indian or Alaska Native, Asian, Native Hawaiian, Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander, and not listed.
c
High utilizer was a health system definition of 4 or more emergency department visits in the preceding 6 months.