Table 2.
Patients’ health characteristics of the included studies.
| First Author, Year | BMI | SBP | DBP | Physical Activity | Smoking Status | Sodium Intake | Potassium Intake (Low/High) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (Low/High) | (Low/High) | (Low/High) | (Low/High) | (Low/High) | (Low/High) | ||
| Bai et al., 2017 [22] | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Camões et al., 2010 [23] | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Cherfan et al., 2019 [30] | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Folsom et al., 2007 [24] | 26.3/25.3 | NA | NA | 16.0%/40.0% | Current smokers = 22.0%/10.0% | 2124.0 mg/d 2275.0 mg/d |
1147.0 mg/d 1437.0 mg/d |
| high PA * | |||||||
| Francisco et al., 2020 [25] | 25.8 ± 4.2/ 24.9 ± 3.8 |
114.5 ± 11.5/ 114.5 ± 11.8 |
72.7 ± 8.1/ 71.4 ± 8.2 |
Low Adherence: | Low Adherence: | 4.6 ± 14.4 g/d 3.5 ± 3.0 g/d |
3982.0 ± 1607.0 mg/d 5260.0 ± 1664.0 mg/d |
| Light = 78.6% | Non-smoker = 58.8% | ||||||
| Moderate = 14.1% | Former smoker = 25.8% | ||||||
| High = 7.3% | Smoker = 15.4% | ||||||
| High Adherence: | High Adherence: | ||||||
| Light = 62.8% | Non-smoker = 65.3% | ||||||
| Moderate = 24.8% | Former smoker = 25.4% | ||||||
| High = 12.4% | Smoker = 9.3% | ||||||
| Jiang et al., 2015 [14] | 27.1/25.9 | 121.1/119.0 | 73.6/71.7 | 35.6/34.6 PAI | 35.9%/7.0% | 1145.3/1000 kcal | 1468.3/1000 kcal |
| 1146.0/1000 kcal | 1902.2/1000 kcal | ||||||
| Kanauchi et al., 2015 [15] | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Lelong et al., 2017 [26] | 23.8 ± 4.7/ 22.7 ± 3.6 |
NA | NA | Low Adherence: | Low Adherence: | 2907.0 ± 958.0 mg/d 2454.0 ± 857.0 mg/d |
2623.0 ± 726.0 mg/d 3409.0 ± 884.0 mg/d |
| Low = 31.3% | Never = 48.7% | ||||||
| Moderate = 41.5% | Former Smoker = 25.8% | ||||||
| High = 27.3% | Current = 25.6% | ||||||
| High Adherence: | High Adherence: | ||||||
| Low = 17.4% | Never = 53.6% | ||||||
| Moderate = 44.1% | Former Smoker = 36.1% | ||||||
| High = 38.5% | Current = 38.5% | ||||||
| Li et al., 2016 [27] | 26.8 ± 6.5/ 25.8 ± 5.7 |
NA | NA | 12.5 ± 18.3/21.9 ± 25.4 | 19.0%/7.0% | NA | NA |
| (MET × h/week) | |||||||
| Schulze et al., 2003 [28] | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Toledo et al., 2010 [29] | 23.0 ± 3.0/ 23.0 ± 3.0 |
NA | NA | 23.5 ± 20.9/32.1 ± 30.1 (MET × h/week) |
Low Adherence: | 3.4 ± 2.2 g/d 3.1 ± 1.5 g/d |
4.3 ± 1.2 g/d 7.3 ± 2.1 g/d |
| Current = 25.0% | |||||||
| Ex-smokers = 25.0% | |||||||
| High Adherence: | |||||||
| Current = 15.0% | |||||||
| Ex-smokers = 30.0% | |||||||
| Yang et al., 2022 [31] | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
MET: Metabolic Equivalent of Task; NA: Not Available; PA: Physical Activity; PAI: Physical Activity Index. * No definition of high PA.