. 2023 Jul 5;15(7):1893. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15071893

Table 1.

Antimicrobial bacteriocins produced by Bacillus licheniformis.

2.1.1. Class I: Heat-Stable Lanthionine-Containing Peptides Smaller Than 5 kDA
Substance(s) Specific/Unspecific Name	Producing Strain	Molecular Mass	Activity Assay	Reference
Sublichenin	B. licheniformis MCC 2512	3.348 kDa	Kocuria rhizophila ATCC 9341 Pediococcus lolii MCC 2972 Enterococcus durans B20G1 Enterococcus faecalis MF3 E. faecalis MM2 E. faecalis CHL1 E. faecalis CHL3 E. faecalis CHL E. faecalis MCC 3063 E. faecalis MCC 2773 Enterococcus faecium MCC 2763 Entercoccus avium CS32 Enterococcus cecorum 1-40a Lactobacillus plantarum MCC 2774 Listeria monocytogenes Staphylococcus aureus Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)	[49]
Sublichenin	B. licheniformis MCC 2512	3.348 kDa	Escherichia coli Klebsiella pneumoniae	[49]
Lichenicidin	Bacillus licheniformis DSM 13 (also produced by ATCC 14580, VK21,WIT 562, 564 and 566 strains, IMF20, IMF66, IMF69 and IMF80, I89)	3 kDa and 3.25 kDa	Bacillus cereus DSM 31 Bacillus halodurans DSM 18197 Bacillus megaterium KM (ATCC 13632) Bacillus subtilis 168 (DSM 402) Bacillus spec. HIL Y-85,54728 Enterococcus faecium BM 4147–1 Enterococcus faecium L4001 Lactobacillus sake 790 E2 Lactococcus lactis NCTC 497 Micrococcus luteus DSM 1790 Micrococcus luteus ATCC 4698 Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 33592 (MRSA) S. aureus ATCC 29213 (MSSA) S. aureus 1450/94 S. aureus Cowan (ATCC 12598) S. aureus Newman (NCTC 8178) S. aureus SG511 S. aureus Wood 46 (ATCC 10832) Staphylococcus carnosus TM300 Staphylococcus gallinarum Tü 928 Staphylococcus saprophyticus DSM 20229 Staphylococcus simulans 22 S. aureus LT440/09 (community acquired MRSA) S. aureus LT420/09 (MRSA) S. aureus LT819/09 (MRSA, Rhine-Hessen epidemic strain) Enterococcus faecalis Streptococcus agalactiae B. subtilis L1 Rhodococcus sp. strain SS2 M. luteus B1314 B. megaterium VKM41 B. pumilus 2001 B. globigii I B. amyloliquefaciens I M. smegmatis 1171 M. phlei 1291	[50,51,52,53,54,55]
2.1.2. Class II: heat-stable non-lanthionine peptides smaller than 10 kDa
*2.1.2.1. Peptides active only against Gram-positive microorganisms*
Bacillocin 490	B. licheniformis 490/5	2 kDa	Bacillus licheniformis 5 A2 Listeria innocua Staphylococcus epidermidis Bacillus anthracis 7700 Bacillus subtilis AZ56 Bacillus cereus 6A2 Bacillus stearothermophilus 9A19 Bacillus smithii PRO/S	[28]
Bacteriocin-like substance	Bacillus licheniformis H1	3.5 kDa	E. faecalis ATCC 19433 L. monocytogenes ATCC 19111 B. cereus ATCC 14579 B. subtilis ATCC 6633 Lactobacillus species ATCC 33198 Lactobacillus fermentum	[56]
Bacteriocin-like substance	Bacillus licheniformis H1	3.5 kDa	P. fluorescens	[56]
Bacteriocin-like antibacterial peptides	B. licheniformis AnBa9	<10 kDa	Staphylococcus aureus GCS1 Bacillus cereus GCS2 Staphylococcus epidermidis GCS4 Kurthia gibsonii GCS6 Micrococcus luteus GCS7 Streptococcus mitis GCS9 Bacillus subtilis B-4219 L. lactis B-1821 Staphylococcus epidermidis B-4268 Bacilus smithii NRS-173 Lactobacillus acidophilus B-4495 Micrococcus luteus B-287 Pediococcus acidilactici B-14958 Leuconostoc mesenteriodes	[35]
Lichenin	B. licheniformis 26L10/3RA	1.4 kDa	Streptococcus bovis SB3 Streptococcus bovis 26 Ruminococcus avefaciens OF-2 Ruminococcus avefaciens C94 Ruminococcus albus B119 Ruminococcus albus A-6 Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens OR 12 Eubacterium ruminantium GA-195 Lactobacillus casei ED-108	[32]
Bacteriocin BL8	B. licheniformis BTHT8	1.4 kDa	Clostridium perfringens Staphylococcus aureus Bacillus cereus Bacillus circulans Bacillus pumilus	[57]
BSCY2	B.licheniformis CY2	6.5 kDa	B.subtilis 6633	[58]
Licheniocin 50.2	B. licheniformis VPS50.2	3.25 kDa	Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633 B. subtilis 168 B. subtilis W23 Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212 Enterococcus saccharolyticus ATCC 43076 Lactobacillus plantarum LMG92088 Lactobacillus zeae Lactococcus lactis IL1403 Listeria monocytogenes ATCC 19111 Micrococcus luteus ATCC 7468 Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 Staph. aureus ATCC 33591 Streptococcus agalactiae ATCC 12386	[59]
*2.1.2.2. Peptides active against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative microorganisms*
Bacteriocin like inhibitory substance (BLIS)	Bacillus licheniformis IITRHR2 (FJ447354)	1.2 kDa	Bacillus cereus MTCC 1305 Bacillus subtilis MTCC 736 Bifidobacterium bifidum NCDC 235 Enterococcus faecalis MTCC 439 Enterococcus faecalis NCDC1 14 Lactobacillus casei NCDC017 Lactobacillus lactis NCDC094 Leuconostoc mesenteroides NCDC 219 Listeria monocytogenes MTCC 387 Listeria monocytogenes MTCC1 143 Pediococcus pentosaceus NCDC 273 Staphylococcus thermophilus NCDC 074	[60]
Bacteriocin like inhibitory substance (BLIS)	Bacillus licheniformis IITRHR2 (FJ447354)	1.2 kDa	Escherichia coli MTCC 1687 Pseudomonas aeruginosa MTCC 9027 Shigella flexneri MTCC 1457 Shigella sonnei MTCC 2957	[60]
Bacteriocin MKU3	B. licheniformis MKU3	1.5 kDa	Bacillus subtilis B4219 Bacillus smithii NRS173 Lactobacillus acidophilus B4495 Lactobacillus fermentum B1840 Lactobacillus lactis B1821 Staphylococcus epidermidis B4268 Micrococcus luteus B287 Leuconostoc mesenteriodes B1118 Pediococcus acidilactici B14958 Staphylococcus aureus GCS1 Bacillus cereus GCS2 Bacillus cereus GCS3 Staphylococcus epidermidis GCS4 Staphylococcus epidermidis GCS5 Kurthia gibsonii GCS6 Micrococcus luteus GCS7 Bacillus subtilis GCS8 Streptococcus fecalis GCS9 Bacillus cereus GCS10 Bacillus cereus GCS11 Lactobacillus acidophilus GCS12	[34]
Bacteriocin MKU3	B. licheniformis MKU3	1.5 kDa	Escherichia coli DH5a	[34]
Bacteriocin-like substance	B. licheniformis B116	4 kDa	B. cereus CGMCC1.230 Listeria monocytogenes CVCC1599 Micrococcus luteus CMCC28001 S. aureus CMCC26003 S. aureus CICC21601 S. aureus CVCC1885 Streptococcus equi subsp. zooepidemicus CVCC1903	[61]
Bacteriocin-like substance	B. licheniformis B116	4 kDa	E. coli CVCC245 E. coli CICC21525 E. coli CVCC195 E. coli CVCC249 S. enterica ser. Pullorum CVCC79301 S. enterica ser. typhimurium CVCC541d	[61]
ppABP	B. licheniformis Me1 (MCC 2016)	Between 3 and 3.5 kDa	L. innocua FB 21 L. murrayi FB 69 M. luteus ATCC 9341 L. monocytogenes Scott A Staph. aureus FRI 722 B. cereus F 4433 K. rhizophila ATCC 9341	[62,63,64]
ppABP	B. licheniformis Me1 (MCC 2016)	Between 3 and 3.5 kDa	Salm. typhimurium MTCC 1251, FB 231 Salm. paratyphi FB 254 E. coli CFR 02 Y. enterocolitica MTCC 859 Shigella flexineri (clinical isolate)	[62,63,64]
Licheniformins A,B,C	B. licheniformis NCTC 7072	3.8–4.8 kDa	Mycobacterium phlei Staphylococcus aureus	[37,65]
Licheniformins A,B,C	B. licheniformis NCTC 7072	3.8–4.8 kDa	E. coli	[37,65]
Antimicrobial compound	Bacillus licheniformis MCC2514	6.5 kDa	M. luteus ATCC9341 S. aureus FRI722	[31]
Antimicrobial compound	Bacillus licheniformis MCC2514	6.5 kDa	Klebsiella sp. A. hydrophila NRRL B445	[31]
2.1.3. Class III: heat-stable and heat-labile proteins larger than 10 kDa
BLIS_SXAU06	B. licheniformis SXAU06	14 kDa	S. aureus S. epidermidis M. luteus L. monocytogenes	[66]
BL-DZ1 (BL00275)	B. licheniformis strain D1	14 kDa	Bacillus pumilus TiO1 Candida albicans BH	[67]
BL-DZ1 (BL00275)	B. licheniformis strain D1	14 kDa	Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 (biofouling)	[67]
YbdN Protein	B. licheniformis (seaweed isolate)	30.7 kDa	MRSA 9551 MRSA J2407 VRE 788 VRE 1349 L. monocytogenes NCTC 7973, NCTC 10357	[68]
Chitinase	B. licheniformis MY75 (also produced by Mb-2, TP–1, S213, SSCL-10, B307 strains)	55 (67,68/62/60,65,66) kDa	G. saubinetii A. niger (Phoma medicaginis)	[69,70,71,72,73,74,75]
Antifungal Protein F2	B. licheniformis BS-3	31 kDa	Aspergillus niger Magnaporthe oryzae Rhizoctonia solani Fusarium oxysporum	[76]
Antimicrobials protein	B. licheniformis JS	16 kDa	Bacillus cereus Bacillus subtilis	[77]
Antimicrobials protein	B. licheniformis JS	16 kDa	Shigella dysenteriae Salmonella typhimurium	[77]
AMS	B. licheniformis T6-5	20 kDa	Desulfovibrio alaskensis NCIMB 1349	[36,78]
AMS	B. licheniformis H2O-1	Between 90 and 120 kDa	Desulfovibrio alaskensis NCIMB 1349 SRB-containing consortium T6-lab	[36,78]
2.1.4. Class IV: complex with a single lipid or carbohydrate moiety
F4, F5 and F6	B. licheniformis BFP011	Less than 45 kDa	B. amyloliquefaciens TISTR 1045 B. licheniformis TISTR 1010 B. subtilis ATCC 6633 B. subtilis TISTR 008 B. pumilus TISTR 905 B. cereus ATCC 11778 B. megaterium (clinical isolate) S. aureus ATCC 25923	[79]
F4, F5 and F6	B. licheniformis BFP011	Less than 45 kDa	E. coli O157: H7 V. cholerae (clinical isolate) K. pneumonia ATCC 17736 S. typhi ATCC 5784	[79]
Ieodoglucomides A and B	B. licheniformis 09IDYM23	ND	S. aureus B. subtilis B. cereus	[80]
Ieodoglucomides A and B	B. licheniformis 09IDYM23	ND	E. coli P. aeruginosa S. typhi	[80]
Ieodoglucomide C and ieodoglycolipid	B. licheniformis 09IDYM23	ND	Staphylococcus aureus Bacillus subtilis Bacillus cereus	[81]
Ieodoglucomide C and ieodoglycolipid	B. licheniformis 09IDYM23	ND	Escherichia coli Pseudomonas aeruginosa Salmonella typhi	[81]
2.1.5. Class V: bacteriocins with undetermined molecular weight
Antipathogenic Metabolites	Bacillus licheniformis (Upper arm skin isolate)	ND	Staph. aureus ATCC 6538	[82]
Antipathogenic Metabolites	Bacillus licheniformis (Upper arm skin isolate)	ND	Kl. Pneumoniae subsp. pneumonia CMSOGH	[82]
Antipathogenic Metabolites	Bacillus licheniformis (Upper arm skin isolate)	ND	Kl. Pneumoniae subsp. pneumoniae	[83]
Antimicrobial substance	B. licheniformis A-1-5B-AP	ND	Prevotella intermedia 1/P Streptococcus mutans ATCC 35668 Micrococcus luteus DSM 1790	[84]
Antimicrobial substance	B. licheniformis A-1-5B-AP	ND	Porphyromonas gulae 3/H	[84]
Bacteriocin	B. licheniformis HJ2020 MT192715.1	ND	Staphylococcus aureus Bacillus cereus Bacillus subtilis	[85]
Bacteriocin	B. licheniformis HJ2020 MT192715.1	ND	Escherichia coli 0157:H7 Salmonella typhi Pseudomonas aeruginosa	[85]

ND—no data. Gram- bacteria are below the line, and Gram+ bacteria are above the line.