. 2023 Jul 10;28(14):5312. doi: 10.3390/molecules28145312

Table 3.

Selected phenolic compounds detected in Salicornia spp. reviewed for their HBV/HCV inhibitory properties. Data are presented as mean values and standard deviations measured by triplicates.

Name	HBV/HCV Inhibition Target	Inhibition Activity	Ref.
Caffeic acid	HCV-1 infected Huh7.5.1 cells	IC₅₀ inhibition: 100 ± 20 µM	[132]
	EHMT2	Docking energy: −5.9 kcal/mol	[121]
	HBV-DNA	IC₅₀ inhibition: 3.9 ± 1.1 µM	[133]
	HBsAg in vitro assay in infected HepG2.2.2.15 cells	IC₅₀ inhibition: 12.7 ± 9.9 µM	[133]
	HBeAg in vitro assay in infected HepG2.2.2.15 cells	IC₅₀ inhibition: 109.3 ± 56.0 µM	[133]
Ferulic acid	No data
Chlorogenic acid	EHMT2	Docking energy: −7.8 kcal/mol	[121]
	STAT3	Docking energy: −7.2 kcal/mol	[121]
	HBV-DNA	IC₅₀ inhibition: 1.2 ± 0.4 µM	[133]
	HBsAg in vitro assay in infected HepG2.2.2.15 cells	IC₅₀ inhibition: 241.5 ± 198.2 µM	[133]
	HBeAg in vitro assay in infected HepG2.2.2.15 cells	IC₅₀ inhibition: >1000 µM	[133]
Apigenin	EC₅₀ of HBsAg	EC₅₀ inhibition: 26.3 ± 5.6 µM	[134]
Apigenin	EC₅₀ of HBeAg	EC₅₀ inhibition: 47.4 ± 3.3 µM	[134]
Kaempferol	HBV-RT	Docking energy: −9.0 kcal/mol	[66]
Kaempferol	HBcAg	Docking energy: −9.1 kcal/mol	[66]
Quercetin	HBV-RT	Docking energy: −8.3 kcal/mol	[66]
	HBcAg	Docking energy: −8.7 kcal/mol	[66]
	NTCP	Docking energy: −5.4 kcal/mol	[66]
	HBsAg in vitro assay in infected HepG2.2.2.15 cells	60% inhibition	[66]
	HBeAg in vitro assay in infected HepG2.2.2.15 cells	62% inhibition	[66]
Isorhamnetin	No data
Myricetin	Infected fulminant hepatitis mice	66% increased survival rate	[113]
Isoquercitrin	No data
Myricitrin	HBV-RT	Docking energy: −7.7 kcal/mol	[66]
	HBcAg	Docking energy: −7.1 kcal/mol	[66]
	NTCP	Docking energy: −6.7 kcal/mol	[66]
	HBsAg in vitro assay in infected HepG2.2.2.15 cells	44% inhibition	[66]
	HBeAg in vitro assay in infected HepG2.2.2.15 cells	35% inhibition	[66]

IC₅₀: Half maximal inhibitory concentration, EC₅₀: Half maximal effective concentration, EHMT2: Euchromatic histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2, HBsAg: Hepatitis B surface antigen, HBeAg: Hepatitis B e antigen, STAT3: Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3, RT: Reverse transcriptase, NTCP: Sodium Taurocholate Cotransporting Polypeptide.