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. 2023 Jul 12;28(14):5367. doi: 10.3390/molecules28145367

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© 2023 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Antibacterial and antifungal activities of lemongrass oil and its nanoemulsion using well-diffusion assay. The data are expressed as means ± SD (where n = 3, p ≤ 0.05); SD: standard deviation. LGEO: lemongrass essential oil; MF-LGEO: microfluidizing nanoemulsion of lemongrass essential oil; STD1: ciprofloxacin (standard antibiotic) applied as a positive control for bacteria; STD2: Nystatin used as control positive antifungal compound. Figure 4a represents the antibacterial effect of LGEO and MF-LGEO against Gram-positive and Gram-negative strains. Figure 4b represents the antibacterial effect of LGEO and MF-LGEO against toxigenic fungal strains.