. 2023 Jul 13;10(7):461. doi: 10.3390/vetsci10070461

Table 3.

Effect of experimental diets on production performance of laying hens (from 35-week-old to 43-week-old).

Items	Treatments					Significance, p-Value
Items	Control	GP_3%	GP_6%	GP_9%	SEM	Control vs. GP	L	Q	C
Initial BW, g	1819.82	1821.39	1829.62	1821.49	29.98	0.98
Final BW, g	1903.53	1910.99	1913.69	1905.84	32.89	0.51	0.61	0.68	0.69
BW gain, g	83.71	89.60	84.07	84.35	18.89	0.76	0.82	0.62	0.84
Egg production, %
W35–W39	88.10 ^b	91.56 ^ab	94.96 ^a	92.69 ^ab	2.62	0.04	0.05	0.14	0.51
W39–W43	83.23 ^b	86.36 ^ab	87.69 ^ab	90.20 ^a	2.32	0.02	0.008	0.91	0.80
W35–W43	85.67 ^b	88.96 ^ab	91.32 ^a	91.45 ^a	1.73	0.007	0.002	0.35	0.86
Egg weight, g
W35–W39	57.75 ^b	62.17 ^a	62.55 ^a	65.22 ^a	1.53	0.002	˂0.001	0.43	0.21
W39–W43	63.39 ^b	64.90 ^ab	65.48 ^ab	67.35 ^a	0.87	0.003	˂0.001	0.77	0.43
W35–W43	60.57 ^c	63.53 ^b	64.01 ^ab	66.29 ^a	0.83	<0.001	˂0.001	0.57	0.12
Egg mass
W35–W39	50.84 ^b	56.85 ^a	59.45 ^a	60.47 ^a	2.10	0.001	˂0.001	0.11	0.78
W39–W43	52.77 ^c	56.04 ^bc	57.44 ^ab	60.75 ^a	1.76	0.001	˂0.001	0.94	0.61
W35–W43	51.88 ^c	56.49 ^b	58.46 ^ab	60.62 ^a	1.18	<0.001	˂0.001	0.16	0.58
Feed intake, g/hen/d
W35–W39	118.63 ^a	117.96 ^ab	117.01 ^b	117.86 ^ab	0.50	0.04	0.06	0.05	0.20
W39–W43	121.64 ^a	120.16 ^ab	118.87 ^b	119.12 ^b	0.60	0.001	˂0.001	0.09	0.28
W35–W43	120.14 ^a	119.06 ^ab	117.94 ^b	118.49 ^b	0.42	0.001	˂0.001	0.01	0.21
FCR, g feed/g egg mass
W35–W39	2.34 ^a	2.08 ^b	1.98 ^b	1.95 ^b	0.07	˂0.001	˂0.001	0.04	0.71
W39–W43	2.31 ^a	2.15 ^b	2.07 ^bc	1.97 ^c	0.06	0.001	˂0.001	0.57	0.55
W35–W43	2.32 ^a	2.11 ^b	2.02 ^c	1.96 ^c	0.04	˂0.001	˂0.001	0.03	0.51

^abc Means with different letters within each measurement varied at p < 0.05; SEM = Standard error of the mean. The dietary treatments were a control group (no GP) and experimental diets containing 30, 60, or 90 g GP/kg feed (GP_3%, GP_6%, and GP_9%, respectively). FCR, feed conversion ratio.