. 2023 Jul 13;10(7):461. doi: 10.3390/vetsci10070461

Table 5.

Effect of experimental diets on egg yolk fatty acid (% of total fat), total cholesterol, and triglyceride contents of laying hens (43-week-old).

Items	Treatments					Significance, p-Value
Items	Control	GP_3%	GP_6%	GP_9%	SEM	Control vs. GP	L	Q	C
SFA	39.48 ^a	36.69 ^b	34.06 ^c	32.36 ^d	0.26	˂0.001	˂0.001	0.02	0.39
MUFA	37.57 ^b	39.04 ^a	38.13 ^b	39.64 ^a	0.28	˂0.001	˂0.001	0.94	˂0.001
PUFA	22.96 ^c	24.28 ^b	27.81 ^a	28.01 ^a	0.35	˂0.001	˂0.001	˂0.001	˂0.001
n-6 FA	20.98 ^c	20.76 ^c	22.57 ^a	21.62 ^b	0.36	˂0.001	˂0.001	0.001	˂0.001
n-3 FA	1.98 ^d	3.52 ^c	5.25 ^b	6.40 ^a	0.07	˂0.001	˂0.001	0.004	0.01
n-6:n-3	1.72 ^a	1.51 ^b	1.22 ^c	1.16 ^d	0.01	˂0.001	˂0.001	˂0.001	˂0.001
SFA:PUFA	1.05 ^a	0.94 ^b	0.89 ^c	0.82 ^d	0.01	˂0.001	˂0.001	0.08	0.04
SFA:MUFA	10.63 ^a	5.90 ^b	4.30 ^c	3.38 ^d	0.13	˂0.001	˂0.001	˂0.001	˂0.001
Total cholesterol, mg/g yolk	17.70 ^a	16.68 ^a	14.45 ^b	11.25 ^c	0.179	˂0.001	˂0.001	˂0.001	0.35
Triglycerides, mg/g yolk	199.67 ^a	173.66 ^b	125.43 ^c	115.75 ^d	1.68	˂0.001	˂0.001	˂0.001	˂0.001

^abcd Means with different letters within each measurement varied at p < 0.05; SEM = Standard error of the mean. The dietary treatments were a control group (no GP) and experimental diets containing 30, 60, or 90 g GP/kg feed (GP_3%, GP_6%, and GP_9%, respectively).