Table 2.
Types and characteristics of potential vaccine candidates for Acinetobacter baumannii.
| Vaccine Type | Formula for a Vaccine | Examples | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Live-attenuated | Formalin-inactivated cells with aluminum-based adjuvant and alhydrogel® adjuvant 2% | Inactivated lipopolysaccharide-deficient whole cells | [91] |
| Inactivated A. baumannii Lac4 strain | [92] | ||
| Outer-membrane vesicles (OMVs) and complex (OMCs) | OMVs in phosphate buffer saline with an aluminum phosphate adjuvant | OMVs | [93] |
| OMCs in phosphate buffer saline with an aluminum phosphate adjuvant | OMCs | [93] | |
| LPS-free OMVs | [93] | ||
| DNA | 3 µg of rickettsial outer-membrane protein A (rOmpA) in 0.1% aluminum hydroxide | OmpA | [94] |
| OmpA and PAL | [95] | ||
| Bacterial ghosts | A. baumannii Ali190 being incubated in a solution of hydrogen peroxide, sodium hydroxide, and sodium carbonate | LPS/surface | [96] |