Figure 3.

Schematic illustration of the dynamically responsive MXene-incorporated hollow fibrous (MX-HF) scaffolds from microfluidic 3D printing for skin-flap regeneration. The MX-HF scaffold fabricated by a coaxial capillary microfluidic strategy exhibits photothermal-responsive contraction/expansion behavior under near-infrared irradiation, allowing for controllable VEGF release while promoting cell or tissue infiltration into the scaffold channels. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [256] (copyright 2022, Wang).