Table 2.
Main characteristic of viruses and viroid infecting C. sativa organized by level of threat (from A to D). Information about biology such as transmission and eventual vector alongside seed transmissibility is presented. NCBI taxonomy ID, symptoms described in infected cannabis plants and, and proof of infection are shown.
| Virus | NCBI Taxonomy ID (txid) | Transmission/Vector | Seed Transmissible |
Symptoms | Proof of Infection | Threat Level |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lettuce chlorosis virus (LCV) | 642478 | Horizontal—Whiteflies, semi-persistent | No | Complete yellowing and chlorotic lesion | Detected from infected symptomatic field plants | A |
| Beet curly top virus (BCTV) | 10840 | Horizontal—Leafhopper, circulative, persistent non propagative | No | Mosaic, mottle, deformation, and wrinkling | Detected from infected symptomatic field plants | A |
| Hop latent viroid (HLVd) | 12907 | Horizontal—Mechanical | No | Brittle stems, reduced flower mass, and trichomes. Reduced rooting success rate | Detected from infected symptomatic field plants | A |
| Potato virus x (PVX) | 12183 | Horizontal—Mechanical | No | Mosaic on the interveinal part of the leaves | Experimental mechanical inoculation | B |
| Alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV) | 12321 | Vertical/Horizontal—Aphids, non-persistent | Yes | Light green mottling, clearing of leaf veins, and wrinkling of newer leaves | Experimental mechanical inoculation | B |
| Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) | 12305 | Vertical/Horizontal—Aphids, non-persistent | Yes | Leaves deformation | Experimental mechanical inoculation | B |
| Potato virus Y (PVY) | 12216 | Horizontal—Aphids, non-persistent | No | Light mottling, mosaic, and leaves wrinkling | Experimental mechanical inoculation and vector transmission trials | B |
| Arabis mosaic virus (ArMV) | 12271 | Vertical/Horizontal—Nematode and pollen | Yes | Green-yellow mosaic on younger leaves | Experimental mechanical inoculation | B |
| Raspberry ringspot virus (RRSV) | 12809 | Vertical/Horizontal—Nematode and pollen | Yes | Green-yellow mosaic and leaf deformation | Experimental mechanical inoculation | B |
| Broad bean wilt virus (BBWV) | 95622 | Horizontal—Aphids, non-persistent | No | Green-yellow mosaic on younger leaves | Experimental mechanical inoculation | B |
| Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) | 3052585 | Horizontal—Thrips | No | Light green mottling | Experimental mechanical inoculation | B |
| Grapevine line pattern virus (GLPV) | 2741672 | Unknown—Aphids, non-persistent | Yes | No correlation | Detected from infected symptomatic field plants | C |
| Tobacco streak virus (TSV) | 12317 | Vertical/Horizontal—Thrip | Yes | No correlation | Detected from infected symptomatic plants | C |
| Opuntia umbra-like virus (OULV) | 2283799 | Unknown | No information | No correlation | Detected from infected symptomatic field plants | C |
| Citrus yellow vein-associated virus (CYVaV) | 1297894 | Unknown | No information | No correlation | Detected from infected symptomatic field plants | C |
| Cannabis cryptic virus (CanCV) | 1115692 | Vertical—Unknown | Yes | None observed | Detected from symptomatic and asymptomatic infected plants | D |
| Cannabis mitovirus 1 (CasaMV1) | 2080458 | Vertical—Unknown | Yes | None observed | Detected from symptomatic and asymptomatic infected plants | D |