Table 5.
Agents or methods used by institutions for sedation, anesthesia or euthanasia, and agents with a reported negative experience (which can include previous experiences not at the institution).
| Agent | Sedation or Anesthesia | n | Euthanasia | n | Negative Experiences | n |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Magnesium chloride (66–75 g/L stock) |
33–47 g/L, titrated | 9 | 20–200 g/L | 13 | Inadequate, inking | 2 |
| Ethanol (ethyl alcohol, vodka) |
0.03–3.0% | 6 | 5–27% | 9 | Inadequate, inking | 3 |
| Isoflurane (in a covered trash can) |
Induction 10 min, Recovery 15 min |
2 | 1 | 0 | ||
| MS-222 | 100 mg/L | 2 | 1 | Ineffective, inking, escape behavior |
5 | |
| Magnesium sulfate | 1 | 1 | 0 | |||
| Benzocaine | 500–2000 mg/L | 1 | >2000 mg/L (difficult to mix into solution) | 1 | 0 | |
| Sevoflurane | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Eugenol | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||
| Other (dexmedetomidine) |
1 | 1 | 0 | |||
| Mechanical decerebration | NA | NA | N/A | 4 | Rapid cut on the midline at the level of eyes | 0 |
| Pentobarbital | NA | NA | 20 mL is not effective | 2 | Ineffective | 2 |
| Potassium chloride | NA | NA | 1 | 0 | ||
| Other (freezing) | NA | NA | N/A | 1 | NA | NA |
| Other (unspecified euthanasia solution) |
NA | NA | 1 | NA | NA | |
| Cooling | NA | NA | N/A | NA | Prolonged | 1 |
| Other (Telazol®) | NA | NA | N/A | NA | Curled up, prolonged recovery |
1 |
| Total Respondents | 13 | 17 | 9 |