Table 2.

Domain 2: The Technology.

Complexity Level	Theme	Facilitator	Barrier
Complex	Technical functionality and reliability	Real-time synchronisation between real and virtual entities [14,27,57,58,59,60,61,62,63]	Establishing a synchronised cyber-physical system [27,57]
		Internet of Things (IoT) [12,14,28,33,43,59,60]	Vulnerabilities in computational storage and infrastructural resources [14,60]
		Cloud computing [27,28,33,40,43,59,60]	Hacking and Viruses [30,34,40]
Complex	Technology Features	Real-time simulation [6,7,9,11,14,29,47,57,59,65] Real-time remote monitoring of a patient’s health [14,27,28,33,39,40,43,60,66,67,68,69]	Lack of regulations and rules establishing validation methodologies [14,57,59]
		Real-time experimentation [7,11,28,55,57] Predictive maintenance [9,13,14,27,32,70] Virtual collaboration [28,40,67,71,72]	Specialised skills required [7,29,43,44]
Complex	Patient data	Real-time data collection [3,30,31,32,33,43,44,60,70]	Huge amounts of data required [7,32,57,63,66,69,73]
		Data fusion techniques and multiscale data integration [27,28,40,59,74] Dedicated structured reading team [75]	Challenges of integrating data from different sources [27,28,40,42,59,75,76] High cost and time consuming [40] Privacy risks: (1) commodification [31,33,39]; (2) surveillance [33,34,60,76,77]; (3) behavior manipulation [12,31,33,34,39,60]