Table 4.

Biodegradable implants for uveitis.

Disease	Drug	Advantages and Considerations	Administration Route	Stage	Reference
Non-infectious uveitis	Dexamethasone (DEX)	Improved best-correct visual acuity, central retinal thickness, and vitreous haze. After 2< inserts, 75% of eyes underwent cataract surgery. Similar safety profile to other studies. Clinicians should consider an individualized plan for their specific needs.	Intravitreal implant (Ozurdex)	Clinical	[41]
Non-infectious uveitis	Dexamethasone	Similar outcomes with single DEX or multiple DEX injections. Does not affect systemic immunomodulatory therapy.	Intravitreal implant (Ozurdex)	Clinical	[42]
Non-infectious uveitis	Dexamethasone	None suffered from postoperative macular edema. No severe anterior chamber reactions. Postoperative visual acuity improved to varying degrees.	Intravitreal implant (Ozurdex)	Clinical trial	[43]
Posterior uveitis	Dexamethasone	Immediate improvement in vision-related functioning post implantation. Need for reimplantation every 6 months. Not permanent treatment due to adverse effects and disease progression (e.g., cataract progression). Small cohort size n = 3.	Intravitreal implant (Ozurdex)	Clinical trial	[44]
Posterior uveitis	Dexamethasone	Improved visual acuity and lower central retinal thickness maintained at 6 months. Did not worsen cataract development. Caused mild increase in intraocular pressure.	Intravitreal implant (Ozurdex)	Clinical trial	[45]
Posterior uveitis	Dexamethasone	Good safety profile. No systemic side effects. Ocular hypertension in 28% of subjects. Cataract surgery <1 year post-initial injection in 40% phakic subjects.	Intravitreal implant (Ozurdex)	Clinical	[46]
Infectious posterior uveitis	Dexamethasone	Effective in patients with contraindications for systemic corticosteroids.	Intravitreal implant (Ozurdex)	Clinical trial	[47]
Infectious posterior uveitis	Dexamethasone	Treat with appropriate anti-tuberculosis treatment and anti-inflammatory therapy. DEX-implant is safe and potent.	Intravitreal implant (Ozurdex)	Case-report	[48]
Infectious intermediate uveitis	Dexamethasone	Safe and efficacious. No recurrences or need for multiple injections.	Intravitreal implant (Ozurdex)	Clinical trial	[49]
Infectious intermediate and posterior uveitis	Dexamethasone	No worsening of the primary disease, emergence of a new choroiditis lesion, or retinal detachments. Improved visual acuity at 3 and 6 months. Risk of developing cataracts and glaucoma. Effective and relatively safe.	Intravitreal implant (Ozurdex)	Clinical trial	[50]
Intermediate and posterior uveitis	Dexamethasone	Increase intraocular pressure and cataract formation. Provides localized corticosteroid treatment. Adequate alternative to oral prednisone.	Intravitreal implant (Ozurdex)	Clinical trial	[51]
Noninfectious intermediate or posterior uveitis	Dexamethasone	Implant effectiveness comparable to systemic corticosteroid. Safe.	Intravitreal implant (Ozurdex)	Clinical trial	[52]
Intermediate and posterior uveitis	Dexamethasone	Cataracts and increased intraocular pressure side effects. No new safety concerns arise from the use of multiple implants.	Intravitreal implant (Ozurdex)	Clinical trial	[53]
Posterior and panuveitis	Dexamethasone	No serious ocular or systemic side effects. Improved case-corrected visual acuity, reduced macular edema, and reduced central foveal thickness.	Intravitreal implant (Ozurdex)	Clinical trial	[54]
Postoperative uveitis	Dexamethasone	Less postoperative inflammation and cystoid macular edema. Minimal adverse effects. Small sample size. Non-documentation of preoperative CME.	Intravitreal implant (Ozurdex)	Clinical trial	[55]
Postoperative refractory panuveitis	Dexamethasone	Significant improvement in best-corrected visual acuity. No improvement in central retinal thickness or grade of anterior chamber cells. Only n = 7.	Intravitreal implant (Ozurdex)	Clinical trial	[56]