Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of study population stratified by BMI
| All patients (n = 191) | BMI < 25 (n = 97) | BMI 25 + (n = 94) | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Centre | ||||
| Germany | 30 (15.7) | 12 (12.4) | 18 (19.2) | 0.06 |
| Austria | 121 (6.3) | 3 (3.1) | 9 (9.6) | |
| United Kingdom | 15 (7.9) | 6 (6.2) | 9 (9.6) | |
| Italy | 12 (6.3) | 6 (6.2) | 6 (6.4) | |
| United States of America | 60 (31.4) | 29 (29.9) | 31 (33.0) | |
| Japan | 51 (26.7) | 35 (36.1) | 16 (17.0) | |
| Taiwan | 11 (5.8) | 6 (6.2) | 5 (5.3) | |
| Median Age (IQR) | 68.4 (61.8–75.2) | 68.2 (60.4–75.2) | 69.3 (62.2–75.0) | 0.76 |
| Male Sex | 161 (84.3) | 83 (85.6) | 78 (83.0) | 0.78 |
| Risk factors for chronic liver disease | ||||
| Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease | 25 (13.1) | 7 (7.2) | 18 (19.2) | 0.01 |
| Alcohol related | 73 (38.2) | 36 (37.1) | 37 (39.4) | 0.75 |
| Hepatitis B infection | 37 (19.4) | 25 (25.8) | 12 (12.8) | 0.02 |
| Hepatitis C infection | 72 (37.7) | 40 (41.2) | 32 (34.0) | 0.31 |
| Other | 12 (8.6) | 6 (9.7) | 6 (7.7) | 0.68 |
| Child-Turcotte-Pugh class | ||||
| A | 147 (77.0) | 77 (79.4) | 70 (74.5) | 0.42 |
| B | 44 (23.0) | 20 (20.6) | 24 (25.5) | |
| Varices present | 39 (20.4) | 15 (15.5) | 24 (25.5) | 0.08 |
| Maximum tumor diameter (cm) | 6.8 (4.9) | 6.8 (5.4) | 6.9 (4.3) | 0.92 |
| Macrovascular invasion (MVI) | 78 (40.8) | 33 (34.0) | 45 (47.9) | 0.05 |
| AFP (ng/dL) | ||||
| ≤ 400 | 126 (66.0) | 68 (66.0) | 58 (61.7) | 0.22 |
| > 400 | 65 (34.0) | 33 (34.0) | 36 (38.3) | |
| Extrahepatic spread (EHS) | 72 (37.7) | 44 (45.4) | 28 (29.8) | 0.03 |
| ECOG-PS | ||||
| 0 | 119 (63.0) | 64 (66.7) | 55 (59.1) | 0.09 |
| 1 | 64 (33.9) | 27 (28.1) | 37 (39.8) | |
| 2 | 6 (3.2) | 5 (5.2) | 1 (1.1) | |
| Barcelona clinic liver cancer stage | ||||
| A | 7 (3.7) | 4 (4.2) | 3 (3.3) | 0.24 |
| B | 68 (36.2) | 40 (41.7) | 28 (30.4) | |
| C | 113 (60.1) | 52 (54.2) | 61 (66.3) | |
| Previous locoregional treatment | ||||
| Resection | 44 (23.0) | 30 (30.9) | 14 (14.9) | 0.02 |
| Radiofrequency ablation | 38 (19.9) | 20 (20.6) | 18 (19.2) | 0.80 |
| Transarterial chemoembolization | 57 (29.8) | 31 (32.0) | 26 (27.7) | 0.52 |
| Y90 | 21 (11.0) | 7 (7.2) | 14 (14.9) | 0.09 |
| External Beam Radiotherapy | 6 (3.1) | 4 (4.1) | 2 (2.1) | 0.43 |
n (%) for discrete variables; mean ± standard deviation for continuous variables
AFP alpha-fetoprotein, ECOG-PS Eastern cooperative oncology group performance status