. 2022 Dec 15;39(Suppl 1):8–17. doi: 10.1007/s12055-022-01428-w

Table 2.

Risk scores and models used to identify patients for high-risk post-LVAD implantation

Select LVAD outcomes risk score	High-risk features	Select RV failure risk scores⁶	High-risk features
Destination Therapy Risk Score (DTRS[65]) (2007)	Mean PAP ≤ 25 mmHg Platelet count ≤ 148 × 103 μL AST > 45 U/mL, BUN > 51 U/dL INR > 1.1, Hct ≤ 34% Serum albumin ≤ 3.3 g/dL No IV inotropes Vasodilator therapy	Utah RVF risk score (2010)	ACEi and/or ARB use (− 2.5 points) Beta blocker use (2 points) Pulmonary vascular resistance: ≤ 1.7 Wood units (1 points) 1.8–2.7 Wood units ( 2 points) 2.8–4.2 Wood units (3 points) ≥ 4.3 Wood units (4 points) Destination therapy (3.5 points) Inotrope dependency (2.5 points) IABP (4 points) Obesity (2 points) *The subgroup with a risk score of ≥ 12.5 had substantially lower survival at 1 year compared to the subgroup with a risk score of 8.5 to 12
Heart Mate Risk Score (HMRS[66]⁾ ⁽²⁰¹²⁾	Albumin (g/dL) INR units Age (per 10 years) Creatinine (mg/dL) Center volume < 15	Michigan RVF risk score (2008)	Vasopressor requirement (4 points) AST ≥ 80 IU/L (2 points) Bilirubin ≥ 2.0 mg/dL (2.5 points) Creatinine ≥ 2.3 mg/dL (3 points) ≥ 5.5 points — high risk 4.0 to 5.0 — medium risk ≤ 3.0 — low risk
IMACS-RS (2021)[67]	Age BMI INTERMACS 1/2 at implant Pre-implant dialysis Major infection pre-implant Small LV size Moderate to severe TR BUN Bilirubin Low hemoglobin Low albumin Female Ischemic etiology Low platelet count	EUROMACS-RHF risk score (2017)	Use of multiple inotropes Severe RV dysfunction on echo Hemoglobin INTERMACS class Right atrial/PCWP ratio
Penn-Columbia Risk score (2018)[68]	Age Creatinine Bilirubin BMI RV dysfunction Aortic Insufficiency	Pittsburgh Decision Tree (2012)	Right atrial pressure Heart rate White blood cell count International normalized ratio ALT Transpulmonary gradient Number of inotropic agents Age
Bayesian model from INTERMACS (2016)[69]	Most prominent predictors of 1-year mortality: Age BUN Hemoglobin Device strategy RVAD need Platelet count Numerous other predictors

PAP pulmonary arterial pressure, AST aspartate aminotransferase, ALT alanine transaminase, BUN blood urea nitrogen, INR international normalized ratio, IV intravenous, BMI body mass index, LV left ventricle, RV right ventricle, TR tricuspid regurgitation, RVAD right ventricular assist device, ACE-I angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, ARB aldosterone receptor blockers, IABP intraaortic balloon pump, PCWP pulmonary capillary wedge pressure.