. 2023 Jul 17;98:106527. doi: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2023.106527

Table 2.

Effect of ultrasound assisted extraction process parameters (time and ultrasound amplitude) and CE on antioxidant activities and total phenolic content (TPC) of L. papillosa.

	UAE parameters		Biological activities
	Amplitude	Time (min)	DPPH	ABTS	FRAP	TPC
		5	50.35±1.87^a	106.85±1.92^a	23.61±3.46^a	71.56±12.14^a
	10%	10	96.76±3.18^b	202.05±1.57^b	63.91±4.19^b	196.82±4.48^b
		15	105.69±3.02^c	238.69±2.23^c	72.47±3.13^c	212.03±3.03^b
		5	67.33±0.44^df	138.71±0.53^d	38.18±2.17^d	103.77±3.96^c
UAE	30%	10	57.36±0.89^e	116.80±2.29^e	30.25±0.79^e	82.79±4.79^a
		15	66.96±4.34^df	132.79±1.56^f	37.87±2.16^d	100.68±0.70^c
		5	68.18±2.27^df	145.30±1.56 ^g	41.30±3.71^d	137.19±0.70^d
	50%	10	72.10±2.27^f	155.17±0.47 ^h	42.44±2.62^d	144.54±0.08^d
		15	63.22±0.30^de	148.08±1.10 ^g	42.89±2.72^d	102.29±6.90^c
CE			54.73±0.58^ae	160.73±1.37^ı	20.50±0.78^a	169.21±7.48^e

Data are expressed as average±standard deviation (n = 3); The different letters in each row indicate statistical differences (p < 0.05). Antioxidant properties (DPPH, ABTS and FRAP) and total phenolic content (TPC) are expressed as μmol Trolox/100 g and mg GAE/100 g, respectively.