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. 2023 Jul 17;14:1231259. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1231259

FIGURE 1.

FIGURE 1

Schematic illustrations of excitation-contraction-energetics coupling. (A) The interplay between ionic channels and exchangers to the myofilaments, sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ cycling proteins, and basal state ATP demand and the interplay between Krebs cycle proteins, pyruvate dehydrogenize, mitochondrial complexes, channels and exchangers with Ca2+ ions in atrial cells. (B) The interconnected signaling mediating the different models. Created with BioRender.com.