Table 1.
Demographic data of the studies included in the review.
| Study (year) | Study design | Bias (high/unclear) | Number of patients | Mean age (year) | Gender (n) | Laterality (n) | Classification (n) | Mean follow-up |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Okamura et al.17 (2021) | RCT | Blinding of the outcome assessment; selective reporting; attrition; other biases. | AE: 64; BE: 64 | AE: 62.97 ± 13.03; BE: 60.52 ± 14.74 | AE: M = 17, F = 47; BE: M = 23, F = 41 | AE: Rt = 31, Lt = 33; BE: Rt = 36, Lt = 28 | AE: AO Type A2 = 11, AO Type A3 = 26, AO Type C1 = 9, AO Type C2 = 16, AO Type C3 = 2; BE: AO Type A2 = 16; AO Type A3 = 29, AO Type C1 = 5, AO Type C2 = 13, AO Type C3 = 1 | 24 weeks |
| Caruso et al.15 (2019) | RCT | Attrition; blinding of the participants; blinding of the outcome assessment; selective reporting; other biases | AE: 36; BE: 36 | AE: 69.5 ± 15.2; BE: 72.3 ± 14.4 | AE: M = 4, F = 32; BE: M = 3, F = 33 | AE: Rt = 12, Lt = 24; BE: Rt = 13, Lt = 23 | AE: AO type A2.2 = 36; BE: AO type A2.2 = 36 | 12 weeks |
| Maluta et al.13 (2019) | RCT | Attrition; selective reporting; other biases | AE: 50; BE: 50 | AE: 68 (63.9–72.6); BE: 70 (66.1–74.1) | AE: M = 8, F = 42; BE: M = 6, F = 44 | – | AO classification in AE group: AO Type A = 25, AO Type B = 2, AO Type C = 23; La Fontaine in AE group: stable = 24, unstable = 26; AO classification in BE group: AO Type A = 30, AO Type B = 0, AO Type C = 20 La Fontaine in BE group: stable = 26, unstable = 24 | 32 days |
| Gamba et al.16 (2017) | RCT | Attrition; allocation concealment; blinding of the participants; blinding of the outcome assessment; selective reporting; other biases | AE: 32; BE: 40 | AE: 78.5 ± 8.3; BE: 75.9 ± 10.8 | AE: M = 1, F = 31; BE: M = 2, F = 38 | AE: Rt = 16, Lt = 16; BE: Rt = 15, Lt = 25 | La Fontaine: stable = 6, unstable = 66 | 6 weeks |
| Park et al.12 (2017) | RCT | Attrition; selective reporting; other biases | AE: 33; BE: 36 | AE: 67.5 ± 10.2; BE: 66.1 ± 8.5 | AE: M = 4, F = 29; BE: M = 2, F = 34 | – | – | AE: 6.6 months; BE: 7.0 months |
| Bong et al.14 (2006) | RCT | Attrition; allocation concealment; blinding of the participants; blinding of the outcome assessment; selective reporting; other biases | AE: 47; BE: 38 | 64 (27–91) | M = 26, F = 59 | Rt = 39, Lt = 46 | La Fontaine in AE group: stable = 22, unstable = 25; La Fontaine in BE group: stable = 18, unstable = 20 | 8 days |
RCT: randomized controlled trial; AE: above elbow; BE: below elbow; M: male; F: female; Rt: right; Lt: left.