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. 2022 May 27;53(10):4580–4591. doi: 10.1017/S0033291722001477

Table 1.

Description of the intervention programs

Program Module/Session Topics covered Recommended duration Homework exercises & other features
Broad program
Psychoeducation
  • Definition of binge eating and how it differs to overeating.

  • Different types of binge episodes (subjective v. objective)

  • Factors that account for the persistence of binge eating:
    1. Dietary restraint
    2. Mood dysregulation
    3. Body image disturbances
1 day
  • Multiple choice quiz

  • Word association test

  • EMA symptom tracking and progress monitoring features (completed daily)

Targeting dietary restraint
  • Why dietary restraint can maintain binge eating

  • How real-time monitoring of eating habits can help the person gain insight into the role of restrictive eating on binge eating
    • What is needed to be recorded in this context
    • What a completed self-monitoring form looks like
  • The importance of establishing regular eating and how it combats restrictive and delayed eating
    • Key regular eating guidelines
    • How to avoid grazing behavior
Approx. 7 days
  • Digital food diary

  • Separate daily diary to plan next day's regular eating schedule

  • Catalogue of activity ideas to engage in in attempt to avoid grazing behavior.

Targeting mood dysregulation
  • Why mood dysregulation can maintain binge eating

  • How and why acceptance and mindfulness skills can combat emotionally-charged binge eating episodes

  • Systematic problem-solving as a tool to prevent the onset of those adverse experiences that trigger binge eating.

Approx. 7 days
  • Guided meditation recordings

  • Deep breathing recording exercises

  • Quick mood boosters (i.e. visualizing happiness, de-stress with a body scan)

  • Practicing the six steps to effective problem solving using Jane's example

Targeting body image concerns
  • Why body image problems can indirectly maintain binge eating

  • Placing too much importance on your body image
    • Why broadening your scheme of self-worth is important
  • Societal ideals of the perfect body image

  • Focusing on the positives
    • Appreciating the functionality of the body
Approx. 7 days
  • Three-step exercise to record a list of activities to pursue that are independent of body image (e.g. gaming).

  • Adding a rebuttal to made-up scenarios that reinforce appearance ideals.

  • Functionality appreciation exercise

Focused program
Psychoeducation
  • Binge eating: what it is and the different episodes experienced.

  • How dietary restraint can maintain binge eating
    • Characteristics of harmful weight loss diets
    • Mechanisms linking restrictive eating to binge eating
  • Different types of food rules

  • What a life without dieting can look like

1 day
  • Multiple choice quiz (hosted via the web platform).

  • EMA symptom tracking and progress monitoring features (completed daily in the app component)

Implementing self-monitoring
  • How real-time monitoring of eating habits can help you gain insight into the role of restrictive eating on binge eating
    • What is needed to be recorded in this context
    • What a completed self-monitoring form looks like
Approx. 7 days
  • End of session quiz (web platform).

  • Digital food diary (app feature)

Regular eating
  • The importance of establishing regular eating and how it combats restrictive and delayed eating
    • Key regular eating guidelines
  • How to avoid grazing behavior

Approx. 7 days
  • Separate daily diary to plan next day's regular eating schedule (app feature)

  • Guided breathing exercise to surf the urge to binge (app feature)

Exposure to feared foods
  • Why avoiding foods can contribute to binge eating

  • Graded exposure as a tool to eliminate food anxiety and test underlying beliefs

  • How to implement a brief, exposure-based food exercise.

Approx. 7 days
  • Three step exposure exercise (app feature)
    1. Create hierarchy of feared foods
    2. Select food to incorporate back into one's regime
    3. Test the validity of the belief and reflect on it after a few days