Table 1.
Baseline median (interquartile range) levels of serum biomarkers by suicidal behaviour during 12-month follow-up
| Serum biomarkers | Increased suicidal severitya | Fatal/non-fatal suicide attempt | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Absent (N = 729) | Present (N = 155) | Absent (N = 846) | Present (N = 38) | |
| Cortisol, μg/dL | 10.5 (5.6) | 11.7 (6.1)† | 10.6 (5.5) | 17.7 (13.2)‡ |
| Serotonin, ng/mL | 72.7 (68.2) | 67.8 (62.2) | 72.1 (66.6) | 64.5 (108.4) |
| High-sensitivity C-reactive protein, mg/L | 0.5 (1.0) | 0.5 (1.0) | 0.5 (1.0) | 0.6 (0.8) |
| Tumor necrosis factor-α, pg/mL | 0.6 (0.4) | 0.6 (0.4)* | 0.6 (0.4) | 0.6 (0.4) |
| Interleukin-1β, pg/mL | 1.1 (0.7) | 1.1 (0.6)‡ | 1.1 (0.7) | 0.9 (1.1) |
| Interleukin-6, pg/mL | 1.6 (1.5) | 1.7 (1.6) | 1.6 (1.5) | 1.7 (1.3) |
| Interleukin-4, pg/mL | 36.9 (38.1) | 36.3 (40.0) | 37.0 (38.7) | 35.1 (35.2) |
| Interleukin-10, pg/mL | 10.7 (9.9) | 12.3 (9.4)* | 10.8 (9.8) | 12.1 (12.0) |
| Total cholesterol, mg/dL | 178.0 (49.0) | 167.0 (59.0)* | 177.0 (51.0) | 152.0 (54.8)* |
| Leptin, ng/mL | 5.7 (6.1) | 5.3 (6.4) | 5.7 (6.1) | 5.0 (4.6) |
| Ghrelin, pg/mL | 381.0 (184.5) | 359.0 (177.0) | 377.0 (182.9) | 388.0 (159.8) |
| Folate, ng/mL | 7.7 (6.2) | 6.3 (4.6)‡ | 7.5 (5.9) | 4.7 (3.8)‡ |
| Homocysteine, μmol/L | 10.9 (4.6) | 12.3 (4.9)† | 11.1 (4.7) | 11.3 (5.1) |
| Brain derived neurotrophic factor, ng/mL | 23.3 (9.0) | 22.0 (7.0)* | 23.0 (8.9) | 21.0 (6.9) |
aIncrease in Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale suicidality item score during the follow-up compared to the baseline.
‡p < 0.001; †p < 0.01; *p < 0.05 by using Mann–Whitney U tests.
Bold style indicates statistical significance after applying the Bonferroni correction.