Table 1.
Patient demographic and characteristics.
| Cohort | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristics | Total patients (N=192) [N (%)] | Radio [n (%)] | Nonradio [n (%)] | P a |
| Sex | ||||
| Male | 134 (69.8) | 102 (68.5) | 32 (74.4) | 0.572 |
| Female | 58 (30.2) | 47 (31.5) | 11 (25.6) | |
| Age (years) | ||||
| <60 | 122 (63.5) | 96 (64.4) | 26 (60.5) | 0.720 |
| ≥60 | 70 (36.5) | 53 (35.6) | 17 (39.5) | |
| Clinical T stage | ||||
| T1 | 3 (1.6) | 2 (1.3) | 1 (2.3) | 0.003 |
| T2 | 46 (24) | 36 (24.2) | 10 (23.3) | |
| T3 | 90 (46.9) | 79 (53) | 11 (25.6) | |
| T4 | 53 (27.6) | 32 (21.5) | 21 (48.8) | |
| Clinical N stage | ||||
| N0 | 71 (37) | 60 (40.3) | 11 (25.6) | 0.187 |
| N1 | 80 (41.7) | 58 (38.9) | 22 (51.2) | |
| N2 | 41 (21.4) | 31 (20.8) | 10 (23.3) | |
| Clinical stage | ||||
| III | 114 (59.4) | 95 (63.8) | 19 (44.2) | 0.034 |
| IVA | 78 (40.6) | 54 (36.2) | 24 (55.8) | |
| Pathologic stage | ||||
| I | 16 (8.3) | 14 (9.4) | 2 (4.7) | <0.001 |
| II | 2 (1.0) | 2 (1.3) | 0 | |
| III | 85 (44.3) | 61 (40.9) | 24 (55.8) | |
| IVA | 89 (46.4) | 72 (48.3) | 17 (39.5) | |
| Down-stage b | ||||
| Yes | 33 | 23 | 10 | 0.254 |
| No | 159 | 126 | 33 | |
| Pathologic response c | ||||
| MPR | 54 (28.1) | 40 (74.0) | 14 (25.9) | 0.311 |
| Non-MPR | 135 (70.3) | 109 (80.7) | 26 (19.3) | |
| Smoking status d | ||||
| Current/former | 88 (45.8) | 71 (47.7) | 17 (39.5) | 0.388 |
| Never | 104 (54.2) | 78 (52.3) | 26 (60.5) | |
| Alcohol use e | ||||
| Positive | 74 (38.5) | 59 (39.6) | 15 (34.9) | 0.599 |
| Negative | 118 (61.5) | 90 (60.4) | 28 (65.1) | |
| Nerve invasion | ||||
| No nerve invasion | 165 (85.9) | 128 (77.6) | 37 (22.4) | 0.981 |
| Nerve invasion | 27 (14.1) | 21 (77.8) | 6 (22.2) | |
| Lymphovascular invasion | ||||
| Yes | 5 | 5 | 0 | 0.589 |
| No | 187 | 144 | 43 | |
a
P value from χ 2-test was reported to compare baseline characteristics between the two cohorts.
b
Down-stage was defined as down staging from baseline clinical stage to pathologic stage.
c
MPR (major pathological response) was defined as less than or equal to 10% residual viable tumor cells.
d
Former/current smokers defined as at least a one pack-year history of smoking.
e
Positive alcohol use was defined as current alcohol use of more than one drink per day for 1 year (12 ounces of beer with 5% alcohol, or 5 ounces of wine with 12–15% alcohol, or one ounce of liquor with 45–60% alcohol). All other patients were classified as negative alcohol use.