Table 2.
Surgical factors analyzed by SurgSmart in application dataset
| Surgical factors | Application dataset [n (%)] | |
|---|---|---|
| Phase time [median (range)] (min) | ||
| IT | 6.5 (4.1–9.5) | |
| EA | 1.5 (1.0–2.1) | |
| AL | 0 (0–1.6) | |
| MHT | 11.8 (8.4–17.3) | |
| DGB | 4.0 (2.5–6.1) | |
| EG | 2.5 (1.4–4.6) | |
| COR | 4.1 (2.5–6.8) | |
| Overall | 35.0 (25.0–47.6) | |
| Time from MHT to clippinga | 6.0 (4.0–9.6) | |
| Operation methods | ||
| Hepatocystic triangle first | 397 (91.68) | |
| Convert to fundus-first after the dissection of hepatocystic triangle | 18 (4.16) | |
| Undergo fundus-first directly | 18 (4.16) | |
| Parkland grading | ||
| <3 | 268 (61.89) | |
| ≥3 | 165 ((38.11) | |
| Dissection of hepatocystic triangle (CVSI)b | ||
| 0/2 | 1 (0.24) | |
| 1/2 | 380 (91.57) | |
| 2/2 | 34 (8.19) | |
| Lower one third of cystic plate (CVSII)b | ||
| 0/2 | 390 (93.98) | |
| 2/2 | 25 (6.02) | |
| Exposure of two ductal structure (CVSIII)b | ||
| 0/2 | 85 (20.48) | |
| 1/2 | 231 (55.66) | |
| 2/2 | 99 (23.86) | |
| Sum score of CVSb | ||
| 0/6 | 1 (0.24) | |
| 1/6 | 83 (20.00) | |
| 2/6 | 222 (53.01) | |
| 3/6 | 67 (16.14) | |
| 4/6 | 24 (5.78) | |
| 5/6 | 5 (1.20) | |
| 6/6 | 13 (3.13) | |
AL, adhesion lysis; COR, clear the operative region; CVS, critical view of safety; DGB, dissecting gallbladder from liver bed; EA, establishing access; EG, extracting the gallbladder; IT, idle time; MHT, mobilizing the hepatocystic triangle.
aThe duration from the starting point of MHT to irreversible duct clipping (critical division action).
bVideos containing the method of hepatocystic triangle first or converted to fundus-first after the dissection of the hepatocystic triangle (N=415) were CVS scorable.