TABLE 5.
Early Antibiotic Utilization Among Patients With pTBI or Open Skull Fracture (Within 48 Hours Postinjury), Stratified by Infection Status
| Characteristic, n (%) | Total Patients (N = 106) | Patients With CNS Infection (n = 12) | Patients Without CNS Infection (n = 94) | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Received antibiotics 48 h postinjury | 104 (98.1) | 12 (100) | 92 (97.9) | 0.99 |
| Antibiotic administered* | ||||
| JTS CPG recommended posttrauma prophylactic antibiotics** | ||||
| Cephalosporin, first generation | 92 (86.8) | 11 (91.7) | 81 (86.2) | 0.99 |
| Clindamycin | 19 (17.9) | 1 (8.3) | 18 (19.2) | 0.69 |
| Aminopenicillin | 16 (15.1) | 2 (16.7) | 14 (14.9) | 0.99 |
| Metronidazole | 7 (6.6) | 1 (8.3) | 6 (6.4) | 0.58 |
| Other antimicrobials prescribed | ||||
| Fluoroquinolone | 31 (29.3) | 5 (41.7) | 26 (27.7) | 0.33 |
| Cephalosporin, third generation | 10 (9.4) | 2 (16.7) | 8 (8.5) | 0.32 |
| Antipseudomonal penicillin | 8 (7.6) | 2 (16.7) | 6 (6.4) | 0.22 |
| Vancomycin | 6 (5.7) | 1 (8.3) | 5 (5.3) | 0.52 |
| Aminoglycoside | 3 (2.8) | 0 (0) | 3 (3.2) | 0.99 |
| Carbapenem | 2 (1.9) | 0 (0) | 2 (2.1) | 0.99 |
| Macrolide | 1 (0.9) | 0 (0) | 1 (1.1) | 0.99 |
| Antimalarial prophylaxis | ||||
| Doxycycline | 22 (20.8) | 3 (25.0) | 19 (20.2) | 0.71 |
| Total unique antibiotics administered per patient | 0.55 | |||
| 0 | 2 (1.9) | 0 (0) | 2 (2.1) | |
| 1 | 30 (28.3) | 2 (16.7) | 28 (29.8) | |
| 2 | 43 (40.6) | 6 (50.0) | 37 (39.4) | |
| 3 | 23 (21.7) | 2 (16.7) | 21 (22.3) | |
| 4 | 8 (7.5) | 2 (16.7) | 6 (6.4) | |