Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2023 Aug 1;14(4):1145–1165. doi: 10.14336/AD.2023.0117

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

Copyright: © 2023 Zheng et al.

this is an open access article distributed under the terms of the creative commons attribution license, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided that the original work is properly attributed.

PMC Copyright notice

Figure 2. — The cGAS-STING pathway in cardiovascular diseases. Free fatty acids can cause mitochondrial oxidative damage, and TDP43 mislocalization results in mitochondrial potential damage. This damage to mitochondria leads to the leakage of mtDNA into the cytoplasm. Damaged SMCs and myocardial cells release nuclear DNA; in addition, dead myocardial cells release mtDNA into the cytoplasm due to ischemia. This cytosolic dsDNA activates the cGAS-STING pathway and induces the production of NLRP3, MMP-9 and M1 macrophages (proinflammatory and antimicrobial), and inhibition of cGAS promotes the formation of M2 macrophages (healing, profibrotic, and anti-inflammatory).