Table 1.

Comparison of different approaches’ performance in different aspects.

Approach	Cosmesis	Bilateral operation	Operative trauma	Operative time	Operative complexity	Learning curve	Working space	CND	LND
COA	☆	★★★★★	★★	★	☆	☆	★★★★★	★★★★	★★★★★
LA	★★	☆	★	☆	★	★	★★★☆	★★★	–
MIVAT	★★	★★★★	★	★★	★☆	★★	☆	★★★★★	★★★★
CBA	★★★★	★★★★	★★★★	★★★★	★★★★	★★★★	★★	★★	★★★
BABA	★★★☆	★★★★	★★★★★	★★★★☆	★★★★	★★★★☆	★★	★★	★★★
TA	★★★☆	★	★★★★	★★★	★★	★★★	★★★	★★	★★
RA	★★★☆	★	★★☆	★★★	★★★	★★☆	★★	★★★★	★★★
TOA	★★★★★	★★★★	★★★	★★★★★	★★★★★	★★★★★	★	★★★★★	☆

The extent is measured by the number of stars. “☆” represents a half of “★”. “-”means inapplicable.