Table 3.
Mendelian randomization estimates from CVDs on genetically predicted kidney function.
| Exposure | Outcome | Method | No. SNPs | β/OR | 95% CI | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AF | eGFR | IVW | 83 | -0.007 | -0.014 to 0.000 | 0.050 |
| MR Egger | 83 | -0.006 | -0.020 to 0.007 | 0.375 | ||
| Weighted median | 83 | -0.010 | -0.017 to -0.003 | 0.007 | ||
| Simple mode | 83 | 0.004 | -0.017 to 0.024 | 0.724 | ||
| Weighted mode | 83 | -0.004 | -0.011 to 0.003 | 0.306 | ||
| CKD | IVW | 90 | 1.050 | 1.016 to 1.085 | 0.004 | |
| Weighted median | 90 | 1.033 | 0.985 to 1.084 | 0.180 | ||
| MR Egger | 90 | 1.016 | 0.953 to 1.083 | 0.629 | ||
| Simple mode | 90 | 1.044 | 0.949 to 1.149 | 0.380 | ||
| Weighted mode | 90 | 1.032 | 0.976 to 1.092 | 0.266 | ||
| CAD | eGFR | IVW | 13 | -0.001 | -0.023 to 0.021 | 0.917 |
| Weighted median | 13 | -0.003 | -0.017 to 0.011 | 0.635 | ||
| MR Egger | 13 | -0.052 | -0.101 to -0.004 | 0.058 | ||
| Simple mode | 13 | 0.007 | -0.021 to 0.035 | 0.636 | ||
| Weighted mode | 13 | -0.013 | -0.023 to -0.003 | 0.027 | ||
| CKD | IVW | 18 | 0.994 | 0.900 to 1.097 | 0.899 | |
| Weighted median | 18 | 1.024 | 0.942 to 1.113 | 0.573 | ||
| MR Egger | 18 | 1.063 | 0.835 to 1.353 | 0.627 | ||
| Simple mode | 18 | 0.886 | 0.730 to 1.074 | 0.235 | ||
| Weighted mode | 18 | 1.027 | 0.938 to 1.124 | 0.572 | ||
| HF | eGFR | IVW | 6 | -0.056 | -0.090 to -0.022 | 0.001 |
| Weighted median | 6 | -0.050 | -0.075 to -0.026 | <0.001 | ||
| MR Egger | 6 | -0.053 | -0.203 to 0.096 | 0.523 | ||
| Simple mode | 6 | -0.073 | -0.122 to -0.024 | 0.033 | ||
| Weighted mode | 6 | -0.048 | -0.079 to -0.017 | 0.030 | ||
| CKD | IVW | 8 | 1.115 | 0.871 to 1.427 | 0.389 | |
| Weighted median | 8 | 1.218 | 1.011 to 1.469 | 0.038 | ||
| MR Egger | 8 | 1.102 | 0.314 to 3.866 | 0.884 | ||
| Simple mode | 8 | 1.419 | 1.069 to 1.883 | 0.046 | ||
| Weighted mode | 8 | 1.315 | 1.033 to 1.675 | 0.062 | ||
| AS | eGFR | IVW | 6 | -0.057 | -0.079 to -0.036 | <0.001 |
| Weighted median | 6 | -0.050 | -0.074 to -0.026 | <0.001 | ||
| MR Egger | 6 | 0.003 | -0.133 to 0.138 | 0.973 | ||
| Simple mode | 6 | -0.038 | -0.076 to 0.001 | 0.053 | ||
| Weighted mode | 6 | -0.041 | -0.070 to -0.013 | 0.021 | ||
| CKD | IVW | 7 | 1.332 | 1.162 to 1.528 | <0.001 | |
| MR Egger | 7 | 1.722 | 0.631 to 4.699 | 0.337 | ||
| Weighted median | 7 | 1.291 | 1.099 to 1.516 | 0.002 | ||
| Simple mode | 7 | 1.209 | 0.955 to 1.529 | 0.165 | ||
| Weighted mode | 7 | 1.229 | 0.969 to 1.559 | 0.141 | ||
| AIS | eGFR | IVW | 6 | -0.029 | -0.050 to -0.009 | 0.005 |
| MR Egger | 6 | -0.135 | --0.230 to -0.040 | 0.032 | ||
| Weighted median | 6 | -0.029 | -0.049 to -0.009 | 0.004 | ||
| Simple mode | 6 | -0.026 | -0.052 to 0.000 | 0.050 | ||
| Weighted mode | 6 | -0.028 | -0.052 to -0.005 | 0.008 | ||
| CKD | IVW | 9 | 1.197 | 1.023 to 1.400 | 0.025 | |
| Weighted median | 9 | 1.198 | 1.037 to 1.384 | 0.014 | ||
| MR Egger | 9 | 2.023 | 0.624 to 6.555 | 0.279 | ||
| Simple mode | 9 | 1.191 | 0.943 to 1.504 | 0.180 | ||
| Weighted mode | 9 | 1.204 | 0.954 to 1.521 | 0.157 |
CVD, cardiovascular disease; AF, atrial fibrillation; CAD, coronary artery disease; HF, heart failure; AS, any stroke; AIS, any ischemic stroke; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; CKD, chronic kidney disease; IVW, inverse-variance weighted.