Table 1.

In vivo echocardiography cardiac functional and structural characteristics in T2D mice.

	Control	T2D
Heart rate (bpm)	508 ± 8.5	486 ± 6.7
LV mass (corrected) (mg)	81.6 ± 25	103.6 ± 15*
ESV (μl)	16.3 ± 3.2	12.0 ± 1.3
EDV (μl)	54.1 ± 6.6	50.2 ± 1.9
Ejection fraction (%)	72.6 ± 2.5	76.9 ± 1.9
Fractional shortening (%)	41.8 ± 2.5	45.4 ± 2.3
Stroke volume (μl)	37.8 ± 3.6	38.2 ± 1.1
Cardiac output (ml/min)	19.3 ± 2.0	18.5 ± 0.6
LVAWs (mm)	1.44 ± 0.059	1.66 ± 0.087
LVAWd (mm)	0.876 ± 0.040	1.04 ± 0.049
LVPWs (mm)	1.20 ± 0.046	1.42 ± 0.050*
LVPWd (mm)	0.712 ± 0.022	0.974 ± 0.038*
E wave (mm/s)	628 ± 28	705 ± 29
A wave (mm/s)	477 ± 39	537 ± 37
e’ wave (mm/s)	33.5 ± 2.2	30.4 ± 1.6
a’ wave (mm/s)	24.1 ± 2.1	20.7 ± 1.5

Data are presented as mean ± SEM. n = 8/group.

ESV left ventricular end systolic volume, EDV left ventricular end diastolic volume, LVAWs left ventricular anterior wall thickness at end systole, LVAWd left ventricular anterior wall thickness at end diastole, LVPWs left ventricular posterior wall thickness at end systole, LVPWd left ventricular posterior wall thickness at end diastole, E wave mitral valve blood flow velocity during the early ventricular filling phase, A wave mitral valve blood flow velocity during atrial contraction, e’ wave mitral annulus tissue movement velocity during the early ventricular filling phase, a’ wave mitral annulus tissue movement velocity during atrial contraction.

Analyzed by Students unpaired t-test, *p < 0.05.