Table 2.

Clinical trials based on stem cell in androgenetic alopecia

Stem cell source	Time	Recruitment	Method	Results	Reference
Adipose tissue	12 weeks	27	Application of AAPE™ with micro-needle roller	Hair density increased from 105.4 to 122.7 hairs/cm2 (P < 0.001); Hair thickness increased from 57.5 mum to 64.0 mum (P < 0.001)	[75]
Hair follicles	23 weeks	21	HFSCs injections 1 mL (0.2 mL·cm2) were administered to select areas of the scalp at a depth of 5 mm; Injections performed in two sessions spaced 60 days	29% ± 5% increase in hair density for the treated area and less than a 1% increase in hair density for the placebo area	[63]
Adipose tissue	16 weeks	38	130-mL topical solution, apply 2 mL of this solution to the hair loss area, twice every day for 16 weeks	Hair diameter after 16 weeks was observed in IG compared with that in CG, with the total percentage change from baseline of 14.2% vs 6.3%	[76]
Hair follicles	4 months	46	Apply one vial (5 mL) of the product on clean and dry scalp, apply every day for 5 consecutive days, stop the treatment for 2 days and then continue the application	After 2 and 4 months of treatment, the anagen rate was increased by 6.8% and 10.7%, respectively. Hair resistance to traction was decreased by 29.6% and 46.8%	[77]
Umbilical cord blood	3 months	15	The investigational product was transported frozen to the study site, thawed just before use, and applied using a 1.5 mm derma roller by the study investigator	Patient feedback demonstrated that 92% agreed that the investigational product was effective and were highly satisfied with the treatment after 3 months. Clinical evaluation indicated that 5–10% of young patients showed improvement in the control of graying of hair	[78]
Umbilical cord blood	24 weeks	87	Be directed to use on hair and scalp by subject her/himself at home twice a day (in the morning and evening) for 24 week	Not found