TABLE 1.
Baseline Demographics and Clinical Measurements of RBZ- and AFL-Treated Patients with nAMD
| Characteristic | Treatment-Naive nAMD | Previously Treated nAMD | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ≥ 12 Months of Follow-up | ≥ 24 Months of Follow-up | ≥ 12 Months of Follow-up | ≥ 24 Months of Follow-up | |||||
| RBZ (n = 1,087) | AFL (n = 1,578) | RBZ (n = 454) | AFL (n = 568) | RBZ (n = 221) | AFL (n = 751) | RBZ (n = 93) | AFL (n = 284) | |
| Patient demographicsa | ||||||||
| Age, years, mean (SD) | 79.8 (10.4) | 79.2 (10.1) | 79.8 (9.8) | 79.5 (10.0) | 78.1 (10.6) | 78.0 (10.4) | 76.5 (12.0) | 77.5 (10.7) |
| Female, n (%) | 685 (63.0) | 985 (62.4) | 296 (65.2) | 364 (64.1) | 135 (61.1) | 425 (56.6) | 56 (60.2) | 152 (53.5) |
| Index year, n (%) | ||||||||
| 2014 | 608 (55.9) | 677 (42.9) | 454 (100) | 564 (99.3) | 129 (58.4) | 365 (48.6) | 93 (100) | 283 (99.6) |
| 2015 | 479 (44.1) | 901 (57.1) | 0 (0) | 4 (0.7) | 92 (41.6) | 386 (51.4) | 0 (0) | 1 (0.4) |
| Geographic region, n (%) | ||||||||
| Northeast | 280 (25.8) | 470 (29.8) | 124 (27.3) | 151 (26.6) | 64 (29.0) | 235 (31.3) | 25 (26.9) | 97 (34.2) |
| Midwest | 377 (34.7) | 588 (37.3) | 167 (36.8) | 232 (40.8) | 52 (23.5) | 216 (28.8) | 23 (24.7) | 85 (29.9) |
| South | 329 (30.3) | 432 (27.4) | 130 (28.6) | 155 (27.3) | 74 (33.5) | 222 (29.6) | 31 (33.3) | 74 (26.1) |
| West | 97 (8.9) | 87 (5.5) | 31 (6.8) | 29 (5.1) | 31 (14.0) | 78 (10.4) | 14 (15.1) | 28 (9.9) |
| Unknown | 4 (0.4) | 1 (0.1) | 2 (0.4) | 1 (0.2) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Population density, n (%) | ||||||||
| Urban | 940 (86.5) | 1,346 (85.3) | 396 (87.2) | 476 (83.8) | 193 (87.3) | 633 (84.3) | 78 (83.9) | 237 (83.5) |
| Rural | 143 (13.2) | 232 (14.7) | 56 (12.3) | 92 (16.2) | 28 (12.7) | 118 (15.7) | 15 (16.1) | 47 (16.5) |
| Unknown | 4 (0.4) | 0 (0) | 2 (0.4) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Health plan type, n (%) | ||||||||
| FFS | 424 (39.0) | 625 (39.6) | 179 (39.4) | 232 (40.8) | 76 (34.4) | 255 (34.0) | 28 (30.1) | 100 (35.2) |
| HMO | 43 (4.0) | 47 (3.0) | 20 (4.4) | 17 (3.0) | 21 (9.5) | 61 (8.1) | 10 (10.8) | 18 (6.3) |
| POS | 54 (5.0) | 67 (4.2) | 28 (6.2) | 19 (3.3) | 9 (4.1) | 37 (4.9) | 2 (2.2) | 9 (3.2) |
| PPO | 532 (48.9) | 798 (50.6) | 215 (47.4) | 294 (51.8) | 107 (48.4) | 381 (50.7) | 48 (51.6) | 151 (53.2) |
| Other | 34 (3.1) | 41 (2.6) | 12 (2.6) | 6 (1.1) | 8 (3.6) | 17 (2.3) | 5 (5.4) | 6 (2.1) |
| Primary payer type, n (%) | ||||||||
| Commercial | 112 (10.3) | 154 (9.8) | 41 (9.0) | 47 (8.3) | 30 (13.6) | 98 (13.0) | 17 (18.3) | 40 (14.1) |
| Medicare | 975 (89.7) | 1,424 (90.2) | 413 (91.0) | 521 (91.7) | 191 (86.4) | 653 (87.0) | 76 (81.7) | 244 (85.9) |
| Median household income, USD, mean (SD) | 51,939 (17,911) | 49,131 (17,114) | 52,227 (18,599) | 48,655 (16,649) | 50,659 (18,566) | 49,754 (17,442) | 49,724 (18,393) | 49,216 (17,209) |
| Clinical measurementsb | ||||||||
| Nonophthalmic comorbidities and medications, n (%) | ||||||||
| Nonmelanoma cancer | 124 (11.4) | 174 (11.0) | 55 (12.1) | 61 (10.7) | 27 (12.2) | 87 (11.6) | 8 (8.6) | 26 (9.2) |
| Dyslipidemia | 736 (67.7) | 1,074 (68.1) | 311 (68.5) | 372 (65.5) | 147 (66.5) | 506 (67.4) | 62 (66.7) | 179 (63.0) |
| NSAIDs | 134 (12.3) | 211 (13.4) | 46 (10.1) | 75 (13.2) | 23 (10.4) | 87 (11.6) | 14 (15.1) | 24 (8.5) |
| Glucocorticoids | 129 (11.9) | 212 (13.4) | 51 (11.2) | 74 (13.0) | 34 (15.4) | 101 (13.4) | 15 (16.1) | 32 (11.3) |
| Diabetes (type 1 or 2) | 202 (18.6) | 324 (20.5) | 92 (20.3) | 112 (19.7) | 34 (15.4) | 161 (21.4) | 16 (17.2) | 62 (21.8) |
| Ophthalmic comorbidities and treatments, n (%) | ||||||||
| Cataracts | 403 (37.1) | 626 (39.7) | 168 (37.0) | 201 (35.4) | 79 (35.7) | 269 (35.8) | 36 (38.7) | 104 (36.6) |
| Glaucoma | 249 (22.9) | 340 (21.5) | 111 (24.4) | 123 (21.7) | 47 (21.3) | 156 (20.8) | 19 (20.4) | 55 (19.4) |
| Cataract surgery | 107 (9.8) | 157 (9.9) | 46 (10.1) | 56 (9.9) | 19 (8.6) | 69 (9.2) | 9 (9.7) | 24 (8.5) |
| Intravitreal steroid injection | 7 (0.6) | 9 (0.6) | 4 (0.9) | 4 (0.7) | 5 (2.3) | 9 (1.2) | 2 (2.2) | 3 (1.1) |
| Health status indices, mean (SD) | ||||||||
| Deyo Charlson Comorbidity Index | 1.5 (1.9) | 1.4 (1.7) | 1.5 (1.9) | 1.3 (1.7) | 1.4 (1.9) | 1.4 (1.6) | 1.1 (1.5) | 1.4 (1.6) |
| Unique ICD-9/10-CM diagnoses | 18.2 (11.0) | 17.8 (10.3) | 16.9 (10.3) | 16.1 (9.0) | 17.1 (10.1) | 17.3 (9.9) | 15.7 (10.8) | 16.2 (9.5) |
| Unique National Drug Code numbers | 12.3 (8.6) | 11.9 (8.1) | 12.4 (8.9) | 11.7 (7.7) | 11.4 (7.9) | 11.2 (7.7) | 11.8 (8.8) | 10.6 (7.3) |
| Total health care expenditure, USD | 21,125 (47,866) | 18,304 (34,715) | 19,143 (37,813) | 18,693 (43,423) | 23,096 (41,554) | 21,292 (28,252) | 21,225 (33,782) | 21,031 (31,439) |
| Median total health care expenditure, USD | 8,791 | 8,469 | 8,203 | 7,977 | 11,857 | 14,765 | 10,715 | 14,001 |
| Unadjusted frequency and cost of anti-VEGF injectionsc | ||||||||
| Injection frequency, mean (SD) | 5.60 (3.11) | 5.56 (2.95) | 7.88 (5.69) | 8.35 (5.53) | 5.95 (3.24) | 6.09 (3.06) | 8.04 (6.27) | 9.60 (5.98) |
| P value | 0.70 | 0.18 | 0.53 | 0.03 | ||||
| Injection cost, USD, mean (SD) | 11,383 (7,805) | 10,681 (8,178) | 16,515 (14,833) | 16,510 (14,995) | 11,617 (7,975) | 12,007 (7,904) | 16,544 (16,193) | 19,120 (13,465) |
| P value | 0.03 | 1.00 | 0.52 | 0.13 | ||||
aPatient demographics were measured at the index date for each anti-VEGF treatment exposure.
bClinical measurements were measured during the 12-month baseline period for each anti-VEGF treatment exposure.
cUnadjusted injection frequencies and costs were measured over the specified length of follow-up (12 and 24 months). In patients with > 12 and > 24 months of follow-up, data were censored after the first 12 and 24 months, respectively.
AFL = aflibercept; FFS = fee-for-service; HMO = health maintenance organization; ICD-9/10-CM = International Classification of Diseases, Ninth/Tenth Revision, Clinical Modification; nAMD = neovascular age-related macular degeneration; NSAID = nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug; POS = point-of-service; PPO = preferred provider organization; RBZ = ranibizumab; SD = standard deviation; USD = U.S. dollars; VEGF = vascular endothelial growth factor.