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. 2021 Dec;27(12):10.18553/jmcp.2021.27.12.1680. doi: 10.18553/jmcp.2021.27.12.1680

TABLE 1.

Effectiveness and Cost Inputs

Variables Base-case value Range Reference
Probability of TTR for systolic BP by hypertension management approach
  PPCCM
    0%-25% 0.210 0.170-0.260 Dixon et al, 202013
    26%-50% 0.360 0.290-0.430 Dixon et al, 202013
    51%-75% 0.310 0.240-0.370 Dixon et al, 202013
    76%-100% 0.120 0.098-0.150 Dixon et al, 202013
  Usual care
    0%-25% 0.550 0.400-0.600 Dixon et al, 202013
    26%-50% 0.340 0.270-0.400 Dixon et al, 202013
    51%-75% 0.050 0.042-0.064 Dixon et al, 202013
    76%-100% 0.060 0.044-0.066 Dixon et al, 202013
Probability of cardiovascular events by TTR for systolic BP
  Outcome event rates of patients in TTR for systolic BP 0%-25%
    Nonfatal MI 0.035 0.027-0.045 Wright et al, 20159
    Stroke 0.020 0.014-0.028 Wright et al, 20159
    Heart failure 0.022 0.016-0.031 Wright et al, 20159
    CVD death 0.017 0.012-0.024 Wright et al, 20159
    No cardiovascular event 0.906 – Calculation
  Hazard ratio of patients in TTR for systolic BP 26%-50%
    Nonfatal MI 0.83 0.57-1.18 Fatani et al, 20218
    Stroke 0.83 0.55-1.27 Fatani et al, 20218
    Heart failure 1.30 0.94-2.01 Fatani et al, 20218
    CVD death 0.69 0.42-1.15 Fatani et al, 20218
    No cardiovascular event 1.03 – Calculation
  Hazard ratio of patients in TTR for systolic BP 51%-75%
    Nonfatal MI 0.87 0.61-1.24 Fatani et al, 20218
    Stroke 0.58 0.36-0.93 Fatani et al, 20218
    Heart failure 0.84 0.54-1.29 Fatani et al, 20218
    CVD death 0.53 0.30-0.92 Fatani et al, 20218
    No cardiovascular event 1.12 – Calculation
  Hazard ratio of patients in TTR for systolic BP 76%-100%
    Nonfatal MI 0.69 0.46-1.04 Fatani et al, 20218
    Stroke 0.40 0.22-0.73 Fatani et al, 20218
    Heart failure 0.59 0.34-1.02 Fatani et al, 20218
    CVD death 0.45 0.23-0.86 Fatani et al, 20218
    No cardiovascular event 1.25 – Calculation
Programmatic costs
  Annual PPCCM pharmacist visits, n 6 4-12 Dixon et al, 202013
  PPCCM cost per visit, $ 24 19-29 ASHP, 201921
  Annual physician visits
    PPCCM group, n 1 1-2 Assumption
    Usual care visits, n 3 1-6 Dixon et al, 202013
    Physician cost per visit, $ 90 72-108 CMS, 201922
    Total cost of PPCCM, $ 702 562-842 ASHP, 201921
    Total cost of usual care, $ 810 648-972 CMS, 201922
  Downstream health care costs, $
    One-time cost of nonfatal MI 24,089 15,372-32,306 Bress et al, 201719
    One-time cost of stroke 15,678 6,001-42,039 Bress et al, 201719
    One-time cost of heart failure 11,678 11,669-16,580 Bress et al, 201719
    One-time cost of CVD death 19,514 12,560-33,024 Bress et al, 201719

ASHP = American Society for Health-Systems Pharmacists; BP = blood pressure; CMS = Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services; CVD = cardiovascular disease; MI = myocardial infarction; PPCCM = pharmacistphysician collaborative care model; TTR = time in target range.