Table 3.
Reflexology groups of the included studies.
| Study | n | Intervention Reflexology | Reflex Zone | Reflexology Tool | Reflexology Time |
Reflexology Frequency |
Reflexology Period |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mollart 2003 [20] | 20 | Reflexology | Foot reflex zones for chest, abdomen, spine, pelvis, and head and related to the lymphatic system, liver, gastrointestinal tract, and kidneys | Finger + grapeseed oil | 15 min | 1–4 times | Not reported |
| Dolatian 2011 [21] | 40 | Reflexology | Foot reflex points | Finger | 40 min | Once | At a dilation of 4–5 cm |
| Close 2015 [22] | 24 | Reflexology | Foot reflex points for the back or pelvis | Finger | 30 min | Once a week | Six weeks |
| Mccullough 2017 [23] | 24 | Reflexology# | Foot reflex points for the bones and musculature of the back and pelvic girdles and related organs and structures that impact the functioning of the spine and pelvic girdle | Finger | 30 min | Six times a week | Six weeks |
| Shobeiri 2017 [24] | 84 | Reflexology# | Foot | Finger | 30 min | Twice a week | Five weeks |
| Mccullough 2018 [25] | 23 | Reflexology | Foot reflex points for the bones and musculature of the back and pelvic girdles and related organs and structures that impact the functioning of the spine and pelvic girdle | Finger | 30 min | Once a week | Six weeks |
| Erkek 2018 [26] | 77 | Reflexology# | Foot anxiety reflex points | Finger | 30 min | Once | During the active phase (3–4 cm) of labor |
| Nasir 2019 [27] | 36 | Reflexology# | Foot reflex points correspond to every organ | Finger + olive oil | 30 min | Twice a week | Four weeks |
| Navaee 2019 [28] | 30 | Reflexology# | Foot | Finger + body oil | 30 min | Once | One day |
| Semra 2020 [30] | 30 | Reflexology# | Foot reflex points | Finger | 50 min | Once | During the active phase (4 cm) of labor |
| Sehhatti 2020 [29] | 36 | Reflexology# | Foot using the “Metatarsal kneading” method and on the intestine and colon area on the right sole | Finger | 12 min | Once a week | Six weeks |
| Jameei-Moghaddam 2021 [31] | 32 | Reflexology | Foot reflex points for the pituitary gland, solar plexus, uterine, and spinal cord | Finger + olive oil | 40 min | Twice | At a dilation of 4 cm and 7 cm, respectively |
| Kaplan 2021 [32] | 40 | Reflexology | Foot | Finger | 30 min | Once | At a dilation of 4 cm |
Note. # treated based on the control group.