Table 2.
Measurements of primary depression and secondary outcomes.
| Scales |
Visit |
Scale scores |
Changes in scale scores |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sham stimulation |
Active stimulation |
P | Sham stimulation |
Active stimulation |
P | ||
| (n = 29) | (n = 28) | (n = 29) | (n = 28) | ||||
| HAMD | Baseline | 21.1 (6.2) | 19.5 (7.1) | 0.367 | – | – | – |
| After treatment | 18.5 (5.5) | 12.5 (5.5) | <0.001 | −2.7 (4.3) | −7 (5.4) | 0.001 | |
| 2 weeks post-treatment | 16.2 (5.9) | 10.8 (4.4) | <0.001 | −4.9 (5.4) | −8.7 (5.3) | 0.010 | |
| 4 weeks post-treatment | 17.4 (7.5) | 10.7 (5.1) | <0.001 | −3.7 (5.3) | −8.9 (5) | <0.001 | |
| MDS-UPDRS-III | Baseline | 38 (13) | 41.7 (17) | 0.362 | – | – | – |
| After treatment | 39 (33,46) | 37.5 (23,48) | 0.507 | 0.8 (7.7) | −4.8 (5.4) | 0.003 | |
| 2 weeks post-treatment | 35 (31,42) | 35.5 (19.8,49.8) | 0.981 | −3 (−10,2) | −5 (−9.2,-2) | 0.174 | |
| 4 weeks post-treatment | 36.2 (10.8) | 34.5 (17.7) | 0.654 | −1.8 (9.9) | −7.2 (8.6) | 0.032 | |
| HAMA | Baseline | 14.2 (4.7) | 13.7 (6) | 0.712 | – | – | – |
| After treatment | 12.1 (4.1) | 9.6 (5.4) | 0.057 | −2 (−4,-1) | −3.5 (−7.2,-0.8) | 0.100 | |
| 2 weeks post-treatment | 11.6 (4.2) | 8.6 (4.2) | 0.011 | −2.7 (4.1) | −5.1 (5) | 0.052 | |
| 4 weeks post-treatment | 11.9 (5.5) | 8.7 (3.6) | 0.011 | −2.3 (3.8) | −5 (4.9) | 0.023 | |
| MMSE | Baseline | 28 (26,29) | 28 (26,29) | 0.871 | – | – | – |
| 4 weeks post-treatment | 28 (28,30) | 28 (27,30) | 0.654 | 0.7 (1.5) | 0.6 (1.8) | 0.786 | |
| MoCA | Baseline | 25 (22,27) | 25.5 (23,28) | 0.466 | – | – | – |
| 4 weeks post-treatment | 26 (25,28) | 26.5 (24.8,28.2) | 0.724 | 1.4 (2.3) | 0.6 (2.5) | 0.228 | |
LED: Levodopa Equivalent Dose, HAMD: Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression, HAMA: Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety, MDS-UPDRS-III: Part III of Movement Disorders Society-Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale, MMSE: Mini-mental State Examination, and MoCA: Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale. “--” indicates no data at this visit.