Study ID	Intervention(s) and comparator(s)	Participants included in analysis (N)	Deaths (N)	Deaths (% of participants)	Participants with at least one adverse event (N)	Participants with at least one adverse event (%)	Participants with infection (N)	Participants with infection (%)
Duncan 2018	I: hyperinsulinaemic normoglycaemia	226*	2*	0.9*	9*	4*	9*	4*
	C: standard therapy	249*	6*	2.4*	17*	6.8*	17*	6.8*
Wallia 2017	I: intensive (140)	23*	4*	17.4*	11*	47.8*	10*	43.5*
	C: moderate (180)	26*	1*	3.8*	16*	61.5*	16*	61.5*
Wahby 2016	I: tight glycaemic control	67	2	2.99	28	41.8	27	40.3
	C: conventional moderate glycaemic control	68	4	5.88	45	66.2	51	94
Parekh 2016	I: moderately intense control	30	0	0	13	43.3	1	3.3
	C: standard glucose control	30	2	6.66	22	73.3	1	3.3
Yuan 2015	I: intensive glycaemic (IG) management	106	1	0.94	7	6.6	21	19.8
	C: conventional glycaemic (CG) management	106	1	0.94	14	13.2	32	30.2
Umpierrez 2015	I: intensive group	77*	38*	49*	30*	39*	4*	5.2*
	C: conservative control	75*	36*	48*	31*	41*	7*	9.3*
Abdelmalak 2013	I: intensive glucose management	54*	0*	0*	9*	16.7*	9*	16.7*
	C: conventional glucose management	49*	1*	2*	4*	8.2*	4*	8.2*
Hermayer 2012	I: intensive glycaemic control	44	—	—	9	—	—	—
	C: standard glycaemic control	49	—	—	12	24	—	—
Desai 2012	I: liberal blood glucose control	44*	1	2.3*	3*	8.1*	0*	0*
	C: strict blood glucose control	37*	1	2.7*	3*	6.8*	0*	0*
Lazar 2011	I: aggressive glucose control	40	0	0	12	30	0	0
	C: moderate glucose control	42	0	0	16	38	0	0
Cao 2010	I: intensive insulin therapy	92	4	4.3	7	7.6	15	16.3
	C: conventional insulin therapy	87	5	5.7	16	18.4	37	42.5
Glucontrol 2009	I: intensive insulin treatment	55*	11*	20*	47*	85.5*	—	—
	C: intermediate glucose control	69*	7*	10.1*	44*	63.8*	—	—
NICE SUGAR 2009	I: intensive insulin therapy	213*	57*	26.8*	57*	26.8*	32*	15*
	C: conventional insulin therapy	208*	49*	23.6*	49*	23.6*	22*	10.6*
Subramaniam 2009	I: continuous insulin infusion	62*	0*	0*	22*	35.5*	22*	35.5*
	C: standard intermittent sliding‐scale insulin	64*	0*	0*	16*	25*	16*	25*
Chan 2009	I: intensive insulin therapy	10*	0*	0*	1*	10*	1*	10*
	C: conventional insulin therapy	22*	2*	9.1*	6*	27.3*	6*	27.3*
De La Rosa 2008	I: intensive insulin therapy	11*	6*	54.5*	6*	54.5*	3*	27.3*
	C: conventional insulin therapy	2*	1*	50*	1*	50*	0*	0*
Gandhi 2007	I: intensive insulin therapy	37	2	5.4	13	35	3	8
	C: conventional insulin therapy	36	0	0	16	44	1	3
Li 2006	I: continuous insulin infusion	51	2	3.9	42	82.4	3	5.9
	C: glucometer‐guided insulin	42	1	2.4	36	85.7	2	4.8
Lazar 2004	I: tight glycaemic control with GIK	72	30 days postoperatively: 0 5 years follow‐up: 1	2.5	12	16.6	0	0
	C: standard therapy	69	30 days postoperatively: 0 5 years follow‐up: 6	5.3	29	42	9	13
Rassias 1999	I: aggressive insulin therapy	13	—	—	0	0	0	0
	C: standard insulin therapy	13	—	—	3	23.1	3	23.1
—: denotes not reported * data provided by study authors (patients with diabetes). adata from total study population. I: intervention group; C: control group; CV: cardiovascular; GIK: glucose‐insulin‐potassium; MACE: major cardiovascular event.