Appendix 1—key resources table.
| Reagent type (species) or resource | Designation | Source or reference | Identifiers | Additional information |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Strain, strain background (Mus musculus) | STOCK Tg(Npy-cre)RH26Gsat/Mmucd (Npy-Cre) | GENSAT/MMRRC | Cat#: 34810-UCD RRID: MMRRC_34810-UCD |
|
| Strain, strain background (Mus musculus) | B6.Cg-Gt(ROSA)26Sortm9(CAG-tdTomato)Hze/J (Ai9) | Prof. Hongkui Zheng | Cat#: 007909 RRID: IMSR_JAX:007909 |
Available from The Jackson Laboratory, ME, USA |
| Strain, strain background (Mus musculus) | GRPR-iCreERT2 (GrprCreERT2) | Dr. Yan-Gang Sun | Liu et al., 2019 | |
| Strain, strain background (Mus musculus) | GrprFLPo | Dr. Yan-Gang Sun | Mu et al., 2017 | |
| Strain, strain background (Mus musculus) | B6;129S-Pdyntm1.1(cre)Mjkr/LowlJ (PdynCre) | The Jackson Laboratory, ME, USA | Cat#: 027958 RRID: IMSR_JAX:027958 |
|
| Strain, strain background (Adeno-associated virus) | AAV1 pCAG-FLEX-EGFP-WPRE (AAV.flex.eGFP; 1.72 × 109 GC) |
Penn Vector Core, PA, USA; available from Addgene, MA, USA (deposited by Hongkui Zeng) | Cat#: 51502 RRID: Addgene_51502 |
Oh et al., 2014 |
| Strain, strain background (Adeno-associated virus) | AAV1 pCAG-FLEX-tdTomato-WPRE (AAV.flex.tdTomato; 1.76 × 109 GC) |
Penn Vector Core, PA, USA; available from Addgene, MA, USA (deposited by Hongkui Zeng) | Cat#: 51503 RRID: Addgene_51503 |
Oh et al., 2014 |
| Strain, strain background (Adeno-associated virus) | pAAV1-EF1a-double floxed-hChR2(H134R)-EYFP-WPRE-HGHpa (AAV.ChR2-eYFP; 5.09 × 108 GC) |
Penn Vector Core, PA, USA; available from Addgene, MA, USA (deposited by Karl Deisseroth) | Cat#: 20298 RRID: Addgene_20298 |
|
| Strain, strain background (Adeno-associated virus) | rAAV2/hSyn-DIO-hm3D-mcherry (AAV.flex.hM3Dq-mCherry; 3.8 × 108 GC) |
University of North Carolina Vector Core, NC, USA; available from Addgene, MA, USA (deposited by Bryan Roth) | Cat#: 44361 RRID: Addgene_44361 |
Krashes et al., 2011 |
| Strain, strain background (Adeno-associated virus) | ssAAV-2/2-hSyn1-dlox-hM3D(Gq)_mCherry(rev)-dlox-WPRE-hGHp(A) (AAV.flex.hM3Dq-mCherry; 7.65 × 108 GC) |
Viral Vector Facility, University of Zurich, Switzerland | Cat#: v89-2 | |
| Strain, strain background (Adeno-associated virus) | ssAAV-2/2-hSyn1-dlox-EGFP(rev)-dlox-WPRE-hGHp(A) (AAV.flex.eGFP; 2 × 108 GC) |
Viral Vector Facility, University of Zurich, Switzerland | Cat#: v115-2 | |
| Strain, strain background (Adeno-associated virus) | pssAAV-2-hSyn1-chI-dlox-EGFP_2A_FLAG_TeTxLC(rev)-dlox-WPRE-SV40p(A) (AAV.flex.TeLC.eGFP; 2 × 108 GC) |
Viral Vector Facility, University of Zurich, Switzerland | Cat#: v322-2 | |
| Strain, strain background (Adeno-associated virus) | ssAAV-8/2-hSyn1-dFRT-mCherry(rev)-dFRT-WPRE-hGHp(A) (AAV.FRT.mCherry; 8.7 × 108 GC) |
Viral Vector Facility, University of Zurich, Switzerland | Cat#: v188-8 | |
| Strain, strain background (Adeno-associated virus) | AAV9-EF1a-BbChT (AAV-Brainbow2; 1.5–5.96 × 107 GC) |
Addgene, MA, USA; Deposited by Dawen Cai & Joshua Sanes | Cat#: 45186-AAV9 RRID: Addgene_45186 |
Cai et al., 2013 |
| Antibody | anti-Calretinin (Goat polyclonal) | SWANT, Bellinoza, Switzerland | Cat#: CG1 RRID: AB_10000342 |
IF (1:1000) |
| Antibody | anti-cFOS (Goat polyclonal) | Santa Cruz Biotechnology Inc, CA, USA | Cat#: sc-52-G RRID: AB_2629503 |
IF (1:2000) |
| Antibody | anti-DynorphinB (Rabbit polyclonal) | Dr. Philippe Ciofi, INSERM, France | Cat#: IS-35 RRID: AB_2819033 |
IF (1:500) |
| Antibody | anti-Galanin (Rabbit polyclonal) | Peninsula Laboratories, CA, USA | Cat#: T-4334 RRID: AB_518348 |
IF (1:1000) |
| Antibody | anti-Gephyrin (Mouse monoclonal) | SynapticSystems, Göttingen, Germany | Cat#: 147021 RRID: AB_2232546 |
IF (1:500) |
| Antibody | anti-GFP (Chicken polyclonal) | Abcam plc., Cambridge, UK | Cat#: ab13970 RRID: AB_300798 |
IF (1:1000) |
| Antibody | anti-mCherry (Chicken polyclonal) | Abcam plc., Cambridge, UK | Cat#: ab205402 RRID: AB_2722769 |
IF (1:10,000) |
| Antibody | anti-mCherry (Rat monoclonal) | Invitrogen; Thermo Fisher Scientific, UK | Cat#: M11217 RRID: AB_2536611 |
IF (1:1000) |
| Antibody | anti-mTFP (Rat polyclonal) | Kerafast Inc, Boston, MA, USA | Cat#: EMU108 | IF (1:500) |
| Antibody | anti-NeuN (Chicken polyclonal) | SynapticSystems, Göttingen, Germany | Cat#: 266006 RRID: AB_2571734 |
IF (1:1000) |
| Antibody | anti-NeuN (Guinea pig polyclonal) | SynapticSystems, Göttingen, Germany | Cat#: 266004 RRID: AB_2619988 |
IF (1:500) |
| Antibody | anti-nNOS (Rabbit polyclonal) | MilliporeSigma, MA, USA | Cat#: 07-571 RRID: AB_310722 |
IF (1:2000) |
| Antibody | anti-NPY (Rabbit polyclonal) | Peninsula Laboratories, CA, USA | Cat#: T-4070 RRID: AB_518504 |
IF (1:1000) |
| Antibody | anti-Parvalbumin (Guinea pig polyclonal) | Frontier Institute Co. Ltd, Hokkaido, Japan | Cat#: PV-GP-Af1000 RRID: AB_2336938 |
IF (1:2500) |
| Antibody | anti-PAX2 (Rabbit polyclonal) | Invitrogen; Thermo Fisher Scientific, UK | Cat#: 71-6000 RRID: AB_2533990 |
IF (1:1000) |
| Antibody | anti-PAX2 (Rabbit polyclonal) | MilliporeSigma, MA, USA | Cat#: HPA047704 RRID: AB_2636861 |
IF (1:200) |
| Antibody | anti-VGAT (Goat polyclonal) | Frontier Institute Co. Ltd, Hokkaido, Japan | Cat#: VGAT-Go-Af620 RRID: AB_2571623 |
IF (1:1000) |
| Antibody | Alexa Fluor 488 Donkey Anti-Chicken IgY (Donkey polyclonal) | Jackson ImmunoResearch, PA, USA | Cat#: 703-545-155 RRID: AB_2340375 |
IF (1:500) |
| Antibody | Alexa Fluor 488 Donkey Anti-Goat IgG (Donkey polyclonal) | Jackson ImmunoResearch, PA, USA | Cat#: 705-545-003 RRID: AB_2340428 |
IF (1:500) |
| Antibody | Alexa Fluor 488 Donkey Anti-Rabbit IgG (Donkey polyclonal) | Jackson ImmunoResearch, PA, USA | Cat#: 711-545-152 RRID: AB_2313584 |
IF (1:500) |
| Antibody | Alexa Fluor 647 Donkey Anti-Chicken IgY (Donkey polyclonal) | Jackson ImmunoResearch, PA, USA | Cat#: 703-605-155 RRID: AB_2340379 |
IF (1:500) |
| Antibody | Alexa Fluor 647 Donkey Anti-Goat IgG (Donkey polyclonal) | Jackson ImmunoResearch, PA, USA | Cat#: 705-605-147 RRID: AB_2340437 |
IF (1:500) |
| Antibody | Alexa Fluor 647 Donkey Anti-Guinea pig IgG (Donkey polyclonal) | Jackson ImmunoResearch, PA, USA | Cat#: 706-605-148 RRID: AB_2340476 |
IF (1:500) |
| Antibody | Alexa Fluor 647 Donkey Anti-Rabbit IgG (Donkey polyclonal) | Jackson ImmunoResearch, PA, USA | Cat#: 711-605-152 RRID: AB_2492288 |
IF (1:500) |
| Antibody | Biotin-SP Donkey Anti-Goat IgG (Donkey polyclonal) | Jackson ImmunoResearch, PA, USA | Cat#: 705-065-147 RRID: AB_2340397 |
IF (1:500) |
| Antibody | Biotin-SP Donkey Anti-Guinea pig IgG (Donkey polyclonal) | Jackson ImmunoResearch, PA, USA | Cat#: 706-065-148 RRID: AB_2340451 |
IF (1:500) |
| Antibody | Biotin-SP Donkey Anti-Rabbit IgG (Donkey polyclonal) | Jackson ImmunoResearch, PA, USA | Cat#: 711-065-152 RRID: AB_2340593 |
IF (1:500) |
| Antibody | Biotin-SP Donkey Anti-Rat IgG (Donkey polyclonal) | Jackson ImmunoResearch, PA, USA | Cat#: 712-065-153 RRID: AB_2315779 |
IF (1:500) |
| Antibody | Rhodamine Red-X Donkey Anti-Chicken IgY (Donkey polyclonal) | Jackson ImmunoResearch, PA, USA | Cat#: 703-295-155 RRID: AB_2340371 |
IF (1:100) |
| Antibody | Rhodamine Red-X Donkey Anti-Guinea pig IgG (Donkey polyclonal) | Jackson ImmunoResearch, PA, USA | Cat#: 706-295-148 RRID: AB_2340468 |
IF (1:100) |
| Antibody | Rhodamine Red-X Donkey Anti-Mouse IgG (Donkey polyclonal) | Jackson ImmunoResearch, PA, USA | Cat#: 715-295-151 RRID: AB_2340832 |
IF (1:100) |
| Antibody | Rhodamine Red-X Donkey Anti-Rabbit IgG (Donkey polyclonal) | Jackson ImmunoResearch, PA, USA | Cat#: 711-295-152 RRID: AB_2340613 |
IF (1:100) |
| Antibody | Rhodamine Red-X Donkey Anti-Rat IgG (Donkey polyclonal) | Jackson ImmunoResearch, PA, USA | Cat#: 712-295-153 RRID: AB_2340676 |
IF (1:100) |
| Sequence-based reagent (RNAscope probe) | Mm-Npy-C3 | ACD BioTechne, CA, USA | Cat#: 313321-C3 | |
| Sequence-based reagent (RNAscope probe) | Cre-C2 | ACD BioTechne, CA, USA | Cat#: 312281-C2 | |
| Peptide, recombinant protein | [Leu31,Pro34]-neuropeptide Y | Tocris, Abingdon, UK | Cat#: 1176 | |
| Chemical compound, drug | Clozapine-N-oxide (CNO) | Tocris, Abingdon, UK | Cat#: 4936 | |
| Chemical compound, drug | CNO-dihydrochloride | Tocris, Abingdon, UK | Cat#: 6329 | |
| Chemical compound, drug | Gabapentin | Sigma-Aldrich, Glasgow, UK | Cat#: PHR1049-1G | |
| Chemical compound, drug | SR95531 (Gabazine) | Abcam, Cambridge, UK | Cat#: ab120042 | |
| Chemical compound, drug | Strychnine hydrochloride | Sigma-Aldrich, Glasgow, UK | Cat#: S8753 | |
| Chemical compound, drug | Tetrodotoxin citrate (TTX) | Alamone Labs, Jerusalem, Israel | Cat#: T-550 | |
| Chemical compound, drug | NBQX disodium salt | Abcam, Cambridge, UK | Cat#: ab120046 | |
| Chemical compound, drug | D-APV | Tocris, Abingdon, UK | Cat#: 0106 | |
| Chemical compound, drug | 4-Aminopyridine (4-AP) | Sigma-Aldrich, Glasgow, UK | Cat#: 275875 | |
| Chemical compound, drug | BMS 139885 | Tocris, Abingdon, UK | Cat#: 3242 | |
| Chemical compound, drug | (−)-Bicuculline methobromide | Tocris, Abingdon, UK | Cat#: 0109 | |
| Chemical compound, drug | Chloroquine diphosphate salt | Sigma-Aldrich, Glasgow, UK | Cat#: C6628 | |
| Chemical compound, drug | Complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA) | Sigma-Aldrich, Glasgow, UK | Cat#: F5881 | |
| Software, algorithm | Neurolucida | MBF Bioscience, VT, USA | RRID: SCR_001775 | https://www.mbfbioscience.com/neurolucida |
| Software, algorithm | Neurolucida Explorer | MBF Bioscience, VT, USA | RRID: SCR_017348 | https://www.mbfbioscience.com/neurolucida-explorer |
| Software, algorithm | pClamp | Molecular Devices, CA, USA | RRID: SCR_011323 | https://www.moleculardevices.com/products/axon-patch-clamp-system/acquisition-and-analysis-software/pclamp-software-suite#gref |
| Software, algorithm | Zen Black | Carl Zeiss, Germany | RRID: SCR_018163 | https://www.zeiss.com/microscopy/int/products/microscope-software/zen.html |
| Software, algorithm | Prism | GraphPad Software, CA, USA | RRID: SCR_002798 | https://www.graphpad.com/scientific-software/prism/ |
| Software, algorithm | Behavioral Observation Research Interactive Software (BORIS) | Oliver Friard & Marco Gamba, University of Torino, Italy | RRID: SCR_021434 | https://www.boris.unito.it/ |