Table 3.
Associations between polymorphisms in three particular genes and susceptibility to severe COVID-19.
| Genes | SNPs | Genotype/allele | Severity | Genetic models | Unadjusted model | Adjusted model | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mild | % | Severe | % | P-value | OR | 95% CI | P-value | aOR | 95%CI | ||||
| TMPRSS2 | rs2070788 | CC | 115 | 48.12 | 5 | 23.81 | CC vs. CT + TT | 0.040 | 0.337 | 0.120-0.949 | 0.197 | 0.499 | 0.174-1.434 |
| CT | 98 | 41.00 | 14 | 66.67 | CT vs. CC + TT | 0.028 | 2.878 | 1.120-7.390 | 0.278 | 1.723 | 0.645-4.604 | ||
| TT | 26 | 10.88 | 2 | 9.52 | TT vs. CC + CT | 0.848 | 0.862 | 0.190-3.915 | - | - | - | ||
| C | 328 | 68.62 | 24 | 57.14 | CT vs. CC | 0.027 | 3.286 | 1.143-9.447 | 0.205 | 0.499 | 0.170-1.462 | ||
| T | 150 | 31.38 | 18 | 42.86 | CC vs.TT | 0.509 | 0.565 | 0.104-3.076 | - | - | - | ||
| CT vs. TT | 0.432 | 1.857 | 0.397-8.692 | - | - | - | |||||||
| C vs. T | 0.13 | 0.61 | 0.321-1.157 | - | - | - | |||||||
| DPP9 | rs2109069 | AA | 3 | 1.26 | 2 | 9.52 | AA vs. GA + GG | 0.025 | 8.281 | 1.303-52.624 | 0.156 | 5.793 | 0.512-65.517 |
| GA | 49 | 20.50 | 4 | 19.05 | GA vs. AA + GG | 0.874 | 0.912 | 0.294-2.834 | - | - | - | ||
| GG | 187 | 78.24 | 15 | 71.43 | GG vs. AA + GA | 0.474 | 0.695 | 0.257-1.881 | - | - | - | ||
| A | 55 | 11.51 | 8 | 19.05 | AA vs. GA | 0.046 | 8.167 | 1.042-64.019 | 0.246 | 49.786 | 0.068-36,659.615 | ||
| G | 423 | 88.49 | 34 | 80.95 | AA vs. GG | 0.026 | 8.311 | 1.287-53.651 | 0.175 | 5.405 | 0.473-61.815 | ||
| GA vs. GG | 0.976 | 1.018 | 0.323-3.204 | - | - | - | |||||||
| A vs. G | 0.156 | 1.81 | 0.797-4.108 | - | - | - | |||||||
| IL17A | rs3819025 | AA | 9 | 3.77 | 3 | 14.29 | AA vs. GA + GG | 0.041 | 4.259 | 1.059-17.133 | 0.152 | 3.391 | 0.639-17.990 |
| GA | 77 | 32.22 | 6 | 28.57 | GA vs. AA + GG | 0.731 | 0.842 | 0.314-2.253 | - | - | - | ||
| GG | 153 | 64.02 | 12 | 57.14 | GG vs. AA + GA | 0.532 | 0.749 | 0.304-1.850 | - | - | - | ||
| A | 95 | 19.87 | 12 | 28.57 | AA vs. GA | 0.066 | 4.278 | 0.909-20.122 | - | - | - | ||
| G | 383 | 80.13 | 30 | 71.43 | AA vs. GG | 0.048 | 4.25 | 1.014-17.807 | 0.189 | 3.21 | 0.563-18.298 | ||
| GA vs. GG | 0.990 | 0.994 | 0.359-2.748 | - | - | - | |||||||
| A vs. G | 0.185 | 1.613 | 0.796-3.267 | - | - | - | |||||||
P-values marked with bold indicate statistically significant associations between genetic polymorphisms and susceptibility to severe COVID-19.
a
OR was adjusted for age, gender, vaccination status, and comorbidities.
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; COVID-19, coronavirus disease 2019; DPP9, dipeptidyl peptidase-9; IL17A, interleukin-17A; N/A, not available; OR, odds ratio; SNP, single nucleotide polymorphism; TMPRSS2, transmembrane serine protease-2.