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. 2023 Jul 31;12(2):2239952. doi: 10.1080/22221751.2023.2239952

Table 4.

Associations between polymorphisms in nine particular genes and susceptibility to Long COVID.

Genes SNPs Genotype/allele Long COVID Genetic models Unadjusted model Adjusted model
No % Yes % P-value OR 95% CI P-value aOR 95% CI
LZTFL1 rs10490770 CC 0 0.00 3 6.12 CC vs. TC + TT 0.999 NA NA - - -
    TC 21 9.95 5 10.20 TC vs. CC + TT 0.958 1.028 0.367-2.877 - - -
    TT 190 90.05 41 83.67 TT vs. CC + TC 0.206 0.566 0.235-1.368 - - -
    C 21 4.98 11 11.22 CC vs. TC 0.999 N/A N/A - - -
    T 401 95.02 87 88.78 CC vs. TT 0.999 N/A N/A - - -
              TT vs. TC 0.852 1.103 0.393-3.097 - - -
              C vs. T 0.024 2.414 1.123-5.191 0.001 4.416 1.900-10.267
LZTFL1 rs11385942 AA/AA 190 90.05 41 83.67 AA/AA vs. AA/dupA + dupA/dupA 0.202 0.563 0.233-1.360 - - -
    AA/dupA 21 9.95 5 10.20 AA/dupA vs. AA/AA + dupA/dupA 0.950 1.034 0.369-2.892 - - -
    dupA/dupA 0 0.00 3 6.12 dupA/dupA vs. AA/AA + AA/dupA 0.999 N/A N/A - - -
    AA 401 95.02 87 88.78 AA/AA vs. AA/dupA 0.844 1.109 0.395-3.113 - - -
    dupA 21 4.98 11 11.22 AA/AA vs. dupA/ dupA 0.999 N/A N/A - - -
    AA/AA         AA/dupA vs. dupA/dupA 0.999 N/A N/A - - -
              dupA vs. AA 0.025 2.402 1.117-5.165 0.001 4.416 1.9-10.267
NADSYN1 rs12785878 GG 106 50.24 25 51.02 GG vs. GT + TT 0.945 1.022 0.549-1.903 - - -
    GT 88 41.71 15 30.61 GT vs. GG + TT 0.162 0.622 0.319-1.210 - - -
    TT 17 8.06 9 18.37 TT vs. GT + GG 0.034 2.581 1.074-6.202 0.039 2.612 1.048-6.510
    G 300 71.09 65 66.33 GG vs. GT 0.377 1.371 0.681-2.759 - - -
    T 122 28.91 33 33.67 GG vs. TT 0.081 0.441 0.176-1.105 - - -
              TT vs. GT 0.023 3.106 1.17-8.242 0.026 3.727 1.171-11.860
              G vs. T 0.354 0.801 0.501-1.280 - - -
PLXNA4 rs1424597 AA 7 3.32 5 10.20 AA vs. GA + GG 0.048 3.328 1.009-10.971 - - -
    GA 66 31.28 12 24.49 GA vs. AA + GG 0.361 0.717 0.352-1.464 - - -
    GG 138 65.40 32 65.31 GG vs. AA + GA 0.972 0.989 0.515-1.899 - - -
    A 80 18.96 22 22.45 AA vs. GA 0.039 3.929 1.068-14.445 0.026 5.573 1.223-25.403
    G 342 81.04 76 77.55 AA vs. GG 0.067 3.103 0.925-10.408 - - -
              GG vs. GA 0.524 0.79 0.382-1.631 - - -
              A vs. G 0.434 1.237 0.726-2.109 - - -
LZTFL1 rs17713054 AA 0 0.00 3 6.12 AA vs. GA + GG 0.999 N/A N/A - - -
    GA 21 9.95 5 10.20 GA vs. AA + GG 0.950 1.034 0.369-2.892 - - -
    GG 190 90.05 41 83.67 GG vs. AA + GA 0.202 0.563 0.233-1.360 - - -
    A 21 4.98 11 11.22 AA vs. GA 0.999 N/A N/A - - -
    G 401 95.02 87 88.78 AA vs. GG 0.999 N/A N/A - - -
              GA vs.GG 0.844 1.109 0.395-3.113 - - -
              A vs. G 0.024 2.414 1.123-5.191 0.001 4.416 1.900-10.267
IL10 rs1800896 CC 0 0.00 0 0.00 CC vs. TC + TT 0 0.231 N/A - - -
    TC 16 7.58 9 18.37 TC vs. CC + TT 0.025 2.756 1.138-6.676 0.035 2.984 1.078-8.258
    TT 195 92.42 40 81.63 TT vs. CC + TC 0.025 0.363 0.150-0.879 0.035 0.335 0.121-0.927
    C 16 3.79 9 9.18 CC vs. TC 0 0.231 N/A - - -
    T 406 96.21 89 90.82 CC vs. TT 0 0.231 N/A - - -
              TC vs. TT 0.025 2.756 1.138-6.676 0.035 2.984 1.078-8.258
              C vs. T 0.029 2.566 1.099-5.993 0.042 2.708 1.038-7.062
ACE2 rs2285666 CC 71 33.65 9 18.37 CC vs. CT + TT 0.040 0.444 0.204-0.965 0.043 0.44 0.199-0.975
    CT 54 25.59 16 32.65 CT vs. CC + TT 0.317 1.41 0.72-2.761 - - -
    TT 86 40.76 24 48.98 TT vs. CC + CT 0.295 1.395 0.748-2.604 - - -
    C 196 46.45 34 34.69 CC vs. CT 0.062 0.428 0.176-1.042 - - -
    T 226 53.55 64 65.31 CC vs. TT 0.062 0.454 0.198-1.040 - - -
              CT vs. TT 0.870 1.062 0.518-2.178 - - -
              T vs. C 0.036 0.613 0.388-0.968 0.038 0.648 0.290-0.637
PEDS1 rs6020298 AA 47 22.27 6 12.24 AA vs. GA + GG 0.123 0.487 0.195-1.214 - - -
    GA 112 53.08 23 46.94 GA vs. AA + GG 0.439 0.782 0.419-1.458 - - -
    GG 52 24.64 20 40.82 GG vs. AA + GA 0.024 2.109 1.101-4.040 0.037 2.062 1.046-4.066
    A 206 48.82 35 35.71 AA vs. GA 0.332 0.622 0.238-1.625 - - -
    G 216 51.18 63 64.29 AA vs. GG 0.030 0.332 0.123-0.897 0.050 0.347 0.120-0.998
              GA vs. GG 0.072 0.534 0.270-1.058 - - -
              G vs. A 0.020 1.717 1.089-2.706 0.046 1.608 1.008-2.565
IL10RB rs8178562 AA 32 15.17 10 20.41 AA vs. GA + GG 0.371 1.434 0.651-3.160 - - -
    GA 93 44.08 27 55.10 GA vs. AA + GG 0.165 1.557 0.833-2.909 - - -
    GG 86 40.76 12 24.49 GG vs. AA + GA 0.037 0.471 0.233-0.956 0.033 0.456 0.221-0.940
    A 157 37.20 47 47.96 AA vs. GA 0.862 1.076 0.470-2.467 - - -
    G 265 62.80 51 52.04 AA vs. GG 0.090 2.24 0.882-5.689 - - -
              GA vs. GG 0.052 2.081 0.992-4.363 - - -
              A vs. G 0.050 1.556 0.999-2.422 - - -

P-values marked with bold indicate statistically significant associations between genetic polymorphisms and susceptibility to Long COVID.

a

OR was adjusted for age, BMI, and comorbidities.

Abbreviations: ACE2, angiotensin converting enzyme-2; CI, confidence interval; COVID-19, coronavirus disease 2019; IL10, interleukin-10; IL10RB, interleukin-10 receptor subunit beta; LZTFL1, leucine zipper transcription factor like-1; N/A, not available; NADSYN1, NAD synthetase-1; OR, odds ratio; PEDS1, plasmanylethanolamine desaturase-1; PLXNA4, plexin A4; SNP, single nucleotide polymorphism.