Table 3.
Previous randomized placebo-controlled trials testing drugs to limit abdominal aortic aneurysm growth
| Trial | Drug tested (daily dose) | Sample size | AAA growth (mm) | AAA events | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Active | Placebo | Active | Placebo | |||
| Blood pressure lowering | ||||||
| TEDY84 | Telmisartan (40 mg) | 210 | 1.7 (1.8) | 1.8 (1.8) | 11 (10.3%) | 8 (7.8%) |
| AARDVARK85 | Perindopril (10 mg) | 227e. | 1.8 (1.7) | 1.7 (1.8) | 10 (13.3%) | 9 (11.4%) |
| AARDVARK85 | Amlodipine (5 mg) | 227e | 1.8 (1.7) | 1.7 (1.8) | 7 (9.6%) | 9 (11.4%) |
| PAT86 | Propranolol (240 mg) | 552 | 2.2 (2.8) | 2.6 (3.1) | 57 (20.6%) | 73 (26.5%) |
| Propranolol87 | Propranolol (80 mg) | 54 | 3.1 (2.5) | 2.8 (2.4) | 7 (23.3%) | 5 (20.8%) |
| Antibiotics | ||||||
| Azithromycin88 | Azithromycin (variablea) | 247 | 2.3 (1.8) | 2.2 (1.9) | 16 (13.1%) | 13 (10.4%) |
| Roxithromycin 189 | Roxithromycin (300 mg for 28 days) | 92 | 1.6 (1.5)b | 2.8 (2.5) | 5 (11.6%) | 7 (14.3%) |
| Roxithromycin 290 | Roxithromycin (300 mg for 28 days annually) | 84 | 1.6 (1.5) | 2.5 (2.5) | 12 (28.6%) | 14 (40.5%) |
| Doxycycline 191 | Doxycycline (150 mg for 3 months) | 32 | 1.5 (2.4) | 3.1 (4.7) | 2 (11.8%) | 3 (20.0%) |
| PHAST92 | Doxycycline (100 mg) | 286 | 2.8 (2.1)c | 2.1 (2.1) | 21 (14.6%) | 24 (16.9%) |
| N-TA3CT93 | Doxycycline (200 mg) | 261 | 3.6 (2.1)d | 3.6 (2.8)d | 13 (9.8%) | 9 (7.0%) |
| Anti-platelet | ||||||
| TicAAA94 | Ticagrelor (180 mg) | 136 | 2.3 (1.7, 2.9) | 2.2 (1.6, 2.7) | 4 (5.8%) | 0 |
| Mast cell inhibitor | ||||||
| AORTA95 | Pemirolast (20 mg) | 326f | 2.6 (2.1, 3.1) | 2.0 (1.6, 2.5) | 5 (6.3%) | 2 (2.4%) |
| Pemirolast (50 mg) | 326f | 2.3 (1.9, 2.8) | 2.0 (1.6, 2.5) | 2 (2.6%) | 2 (2.4%) | |
| Pemirolast (80 mg) | 326f | 2.7 (2.3, 3.2) | 2.0 (1.6, 2.5) | 6 (7.1%) | 2 (2.4%) | |
| Fibrate | ||||||
| FAME-296 | Fenofibrate (145 mg) | 140 | 1.0 (3.7) | 1.4 (3.7) | 0 | 0 |
Shown are mean standard deviation or 95% CIs of AAA growth from ultrasound or numbers (%) of AAA events (repair or rupture). PAT, propranolol aneurysm trial; AAA, abdominal aortic aneurysm; N-TA3CT, Non-Invasive Treatment of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Clinical Trial; PHAST, Pharmaceutical Aneurysm Stabilization Trial; TEDY, TElmisartan in abDominal aortic aneurYsm trial; AARDVARK, Aortic Aneurysmal Regression of Dilation: Value of ACE-Inhibition on RisK; AORTA, Anti-inflammatory ORal Treatment of AAA; FAME-2, Fenofibrate in the Management of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm 2; TicAAA, The Efficacy of Ticagrelor on Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Expansion.
600 mg/d for 3 days then 600 mg/week.
AAA growth significantly slower in the roxithromycin group, P = 0.02.
AAA growth significantly faster in the doxycycline group, P = 0.007.
Growth rate over 2 years rather than annual.
Sample size for all three groups including placebo, amlodipine, and perindopril.
Sample size for all four groups including pemirolast (20 mg), pemirolast (50 mg), pemirolast (80 mg), and placebo.