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. 2023 Jun 8;8(11):e169515. doi: 10.1172/jci.insight.169515

Figure 2. Post-COVID anti-ARHGAP31 autoreactivities target a specific region with similarity to SARS-CoV-2.

Figure 2

(A) Strip plots showing distribution of ARHGAP31 autoreactivities in long COVID, individuals with prior COVID infection but without long COVID, and pre-COVID controls. Dotted line at 6 standard deviations above mean of pre-COVID controls (underlying box plots showing median, upper and lower quartiles, and whiskers representing 1.5 times the upper and lower interquartile range). (B) Distribution of anti-ARHGAP31 autoreactivity signal within ARHGAP31 full-length protein. One specific fragment is targeted. (C) Amino acid sequence of the autoreactive region of ARHGAP31 and amino acid sequence of a region of SARS-CoV-2 Orf1a with similarity. Shown below is the multiple sequence alignment (ClustalOmega; asterisk = identical amino acid; colon = strongly similar properties with Gonnet PAM 250 matrix score > 0.5; period = weakly similar with Gonnet PAM 250 matrix score between 0 and 0.5) and strong physical-chemical conservation (Jalview; amino acid physical-chemical conservation scored on a scale of 1–11, asterisk = score of 11 and identical amino acid, plus = 10, all properties conserved).