Table 1.

Dopamine release defects in Parkinson’s disease models

Transgene	Model	DA release defect?	Cell death?	Major motor symptoms?	Reference
Autosomal dominant
LRRK2	Human R1441G BAC transgenic mouse	Decreased release	None	Present	Li et al.38
	R1441G BAC transgenic mouse	None	Not investigated	Not investigated	Sanchez et al.39
	R1441C and G2019S BAC transgenic rat	Decreased release	None	Present	Sloan et al.40
	G2019S BAC transgenic mouse	Decreased release	None	None	Li et al.41
	Human BAC G2019S mouse	Decreased release	None	None	Melrose et al.42
	G2019S KI mouse	Decreased release	None	None	Yue et al.43
	Midbrain-specific (PitX3) overexpression of G2019S mouse	Decreased release	None	None	Liu et al.44
	G2019S KI mouse	None	None	Not investigated	Longo et al.45
	G2019S KI mouse	Increased release	Not investigated	Not investigated	Volta et al.46
	iPSC-derived DANs with I2020T	Decreased release	n/a	n/a	Ohta et al.47
	iPSC-derived DANs with I723V and M23497T	Decreased release	n/a	n/a	Luo et al.48
VPS35	D620N KI mouse	Decreased release	None	None	Ishizu et al.49
	D620N KI mouse	Increased release	None	None	Cataldi et al.50
SNCA	BAC human SNCA overexpression mouse	Decreased release	Present	Present	Janezic et al.51
	A30P and SNCA overexpression AAV rat	Decreased releasea	None	Present	Gaugler et al.52
	AAV human SNCA rat	Decreased release	Present	Not investigated	Lundblad et al.53
	SNCA overexpression mouse	Increased release	Present	Present	Lam et al.54
	Midbrain-specific (PitX3) expression of A53T mouse	Decreased release	Present	Present	Lin et al.55
	Human A53T overexpression mouse	Altered release	Not investigated	Not investigated	Platt et al.56
	A30P BAC transgenic mouse	Decreased release	None	None	Taylor et al.57
	Human A30P mouse	Decreased release	None	Present	Yavich et al.58
Autosomal recessive
Parkin	Parkin KO mouse	Decreased release	None	None	Oyama et al.59
	Parkin KO mouse	Decreased release	Not investigated	Not investigated	Kitada et al.60
	Parkin KO mouse	Decreased release	None	Present	Goldberg et al.61
	Parkin KO mouse	None at 6-8 weeks	Not investigated	Not investigated	Sanchez et al.39
	Parkin KO rat	None	None	None	Creed et al.62
	Parkin KO iPSC-derived DANs	Increased release	n/a	n/a	Jiang et al.63
Pink1	Pink1 KO mouse	Decreased release	None	Not investigated	Kitada et al.64
	Pink1 KO mouse	Decreased release	None	Not investigated	Zhi et al.65
	Pink1 KO mouse	None	Not investigated	Not investigated	Sanchez et al.39
	Pink1 KO mouse	Increased release	Present	Present	Creed et al.62
DJ-1	DJ-1 KO rat	None	Present	Present	Creed et al.62
	DJ-1 KO mouse	Decreased release	None	Present	Goldberg et al.66
	DJ-1 KO mouse	None	Not investigated	Not investigated	Sanchez et al.39
	DJ-1 KO mouse	None	None	Present	Chandran et al.67
Risk factor
GBA	Wild-type mice with chronic conduritol-β-epoxide treatment	Decreased release	Not investigated	Present	Ginns et al.68
	iPSC-derived DANs with N370S	Decreased release	n/a	n/a	Woodard et al.69

Decreased release in SNCA overexpression but not SNCA A30P.